1020 Tree Traversals(25 分)
作者: CHEN, Yue
单位: 浙江大学
时间限制: 400 ms
内存限制: 64 MB
代码长度限制: 16 KB
Suppose that all the keys in a binary tree are distinct positive integers. Given the postorder and inorder traversal sequences, you are supposed to output the level order traversal sequence of the corresponding binary tree.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤30), the total number of nodes in the binary tree. The second line gives the postorder sequence and the third line gives the inorder sequence. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print in one line the level order traversal sequence of the corresponding binary tree. All the numbers in a line must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input:
7
2 3 1 5 7 6 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output:
4 1 6 3 5 7 2
我们知道一个定理就是:只要知道一棵树的中序遍历和前序、后序、层序任意一种遍历即可唯一确定一棵树。
以此题为例,已知一棵二叉树的后序、中序遍历序列,求出这个棵树的层序遍历。
首先我们要根据中序、后序重新构建这棵树。根据后序遍历性质可知,整个序列的最后一个节点即是整棵树的根节点,然后从中序遍历中寻找这个值,就可以将左右子树划分出来。我们又可以将左右子树重新看成一棵树来执行同样的操作,直到节点左右子树都为空,就完成了构建。
然后使用广度优先搜索算法即可将这棵树的层序遍历输出。
AC代码:
#include <cstdio>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
struct Tree {
int data;
Tree * lchild, * rchild;
};
int post[35], in[35];
int n;
Tree* createTree(int, int, int, int);
void levelTravel(Tree *);
int main() {
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
scanf("%d", &post[i]);
}
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
scanf("%d", in + i);
}
Tree * root = createTree(0, n - 1, 0, n - 1);
levelTravel(root);
return 0;
}
Tree* createTree(int pl, int pr, int il, int ir) {
if(il > ir) {
return NULL;
}
Tree * t = new Tree;
t->data = post[pr];
int i;
for(i = il; i < ir; ++i) {
if(in[i] == post[pr]) {
break;
}
}
t->lchild = createTree(pl, pl + i - 1 - il, il, i - 1);
t->rchild = createTree(pl + i - il, pr - 1, i + 1, ir);
return t;
}
void levelTravel(Tree * root) {
queue<Tree*> tq;
tq.push(root);
bool first = false;
while(tq.size() != 0) {
if(first) {
printf(" ");
}
printf("%d", tq.front()->data);
first = true;
if(tq.front()->lchild != NULL) {
tq.push(tq.front()->lchild);
}
if(tq.front()->rchild != NULL) {
tq.push(tq.front()->rchild);
}
tq.pop();
}
}
如有错误,欢迎指摘。