sudo apt-get update执行失败问题解决

错误

在执行sudo apt-get update命令时，执行结果失败，错误信息如下：

获取：1 http://repo.mysql.com trusty InRelease [33.5 kB]
100% [1 InRelease gpgv 33.5 kB] [正在等待报头] [正在等待报头] [正�Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/repo.m忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty InRelease
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
获取：2 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease [65.9 kB]
命中 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty InRelease
48% [InRelease gpgv 15.5 kB] [正在等待报头] [2 InRelease 14.2 kB/65.9 kB Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.lau忽略 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty InRelease
获取：3 https://download.docker.com trusty InRelease
命中 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease
55% [InRelease gpgv 48.7 kB] [正在等待报头] [2 InRelease 14.2 kB/65.9 kB Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/apt.doc忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease
59% [3 InRelease gpgv 26.5 kB] [正在等待报头] [2 InRelease 14.2 kB/65.9 kCouldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/partial错误 https://download.docker.com trusty InRelease

命中 http://nginx.org trusty InRelease
59% [InRelease gpgv 3,593 B] [正在等待报头] [2 InRelease 14.2 kB/65.9 kB Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/nginx.o忽略 http://nginx.org trusty InRelease
获取：4 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease [65.9 kB]
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx Sources/DiffIndex
获取：5 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
85% [2 InRelease gpgv 65.9 kB] [4 InRelease 37.4 kB/65.9 kB 57%] [正在等待�Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/parti错误 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease

忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-5.7 Sources/DiffIndex
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx i386 Packages/DiffIndex
100% [4 InRelease gpgv 65.9 kB] [正在等待报头] [正在等待报头] [正�Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/archiv错误 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease

忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease
100% [InRelease gpgv 65.9 kB] [正在等待报头] [正在等待报头] [正在Couldn't create tempfiles for splitting up /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease
忽略 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-apt-config amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg
命中 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main amd64 Packages
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main Sources/DiffIndex
命中 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main i386 Packages
获取：6 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-zh_CN
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-5.7 amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted Sources/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe Sources/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse Sources/DiffIndex

▽
meserver 8.8.8.8
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-tools amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
命中 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main Translation-en
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-apt-config i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
命中 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main amd64 Packages
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-5.7 i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-zh_CN
命中 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main i386 Packages

▽
nameserver 8.8.8.8
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-zh
忽略 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-en
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://repo.mysql.com trusty/mysql-tools i386 Packages/DiffIndex
忽略 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse i386 Packages/DiffIndex
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main Translation-en
命中 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx Sources
命中 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx amd64 Packages
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse Translation-en
命中 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx i386 Packages
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx Translation-zh_CN
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx Translation-zh
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted Translation-en
忽略 http://nginx.org trusty/nginx Translation-en
忽略 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main Translation-zh_CN
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe Translation-en
忽略 http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main Translation-zh
命中 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release
W: GPG 错误：http://repo.mysql.com trusty InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)
W: GPG 错误：http://ppa.launchpad.net trusty InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)
W: GPG 错误：https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)
W: 校验签名出错。此仓库未被更新，仍然使用以前的索引文件。GPG 错误：https://download.docker.com trusty InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)

W: GPG 错误：http://nginx.org trusty InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)
W: 校验签名出错。此仓库未被更新，仍然使用以前的索引文件。GPG 错误：http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)

W: 校验签名出错。此仓库未被更新，仍然使用以前的索引文件。GPG 错误：http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)

W: GPG 错误：http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease: 无法运行 gpgv 以验证签名(您安装了 gpgv 吗？)
E: Couldn't create temporary file to work with /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_trusty_Release - mkstemp (2: No such file or directory)

解决方法

尝试各种方法都不能解决问题，最终找到解决方法按如下，依次执行下列命令：

sudo apt-get clean
sudo mv /var/lib/apt/lists /tmp
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update