POJ1840-Eqs(hash)_-(a1x1^3+a2x2^3)=a3x3^3+a4x4^3+a5x5^3;-CSDN博客

本文介绍了一种高效求解特定形式五元三次方程的方法，通过优化算法将复杂度从O(n^5)降低到可行范围内，并提供了一个具体的C++实现示例。

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POJ1840 原题链接:http://poj.org/problem?id=1840

Eqs

Time Limit: 5000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 16935		Accepted: 8312

Description

Consider equations having the following form:
a1x1³+ a2x2³+ a3x3³+ a4x4³+ a5x5³=0
The coefficients are given integers from the interval [-50,50].
It is consider a solution a system (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5) that verifies the equation, xi∈[-50,50], xi != 0, any i∈{1,2,3,4,5}.

Determine how many solutions satisfy the given equation.

Input

The only line of input contains the 5 coefficients a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, separated by blanks.

Output

The output will contain on the first line the number of the solutions for the given equation.

Sample Input

37 29 41 43 47

Sample Output

题目大意：输入一个一个五元三次方程a1x1^3+a2x2^3+a3x3^3+a4x4^3+a5x5^3=0的五个系数a1,a2,a3,a4,a5;求这个方程的解有多少个(数字相同顺序不同视为不同解)

思路:枚举x1~x5的值的复杂度为O(n^5)能过我吃屎,可以把方程稍微变形一下化为:(-1)*(a1x1^3+a2x2^3)=a3x3^3+a4x4^3+a5x5^3

这样可以先枚举x1与x2的值求出(-1)*(a1x1^3+a2x2^3)打表,再枚举右边的x3,x4,x5的值求出a3x3^3+a4x4^3+a5x5^3,若右值等于左值即得到一个解;

定义一个映射数组hash[num]表示num在左值出现的次数,若右值求得的sum在hash[sum]的值不为0,就求得了hash[sum]的解,sum的值上界为50*50^3+50*50^3=12500000因为sum可以为负所以将sum的上界移到25000000,sum<0时,sum+=25000000;

代码如下:

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int hash[25000001];  //hash[sum]表示值等于sum的的解的个数(多对1映射)
int main(void)
{
	int a1,a2,a3,a4,a5;  //系数
	while(cin>>a1>>a2>>a3>>a4>>a5)
	{
		memset(hash,0,sizeof(hash));

		for(int x1=-50;x1<=50;x1++)
		{
			if(!x1)
				continue;

			for(int x2=-50;x2<=50;x2++)
			{
				if(!x2)
					continue;
				int sum=(a1*x1*x1*x1 + a2*x2*x2*x2)*(-1);
				if(sum<0)
					sum+=25000000;
				hash[sum]++;
			}
		}

		int solution=0;
		for(int x3=-50;x3<=50;x3++)
		{
			if(!x3)
				continue;
			for(int x4=-50;x4<=50;x4++)
			{
				if(!x4)
					continue;
				for(int x5=-50;x5<=50;x5++)
				{
					if(!x5)
						continue;
					int sum=a3*x3*x3*x3 + a4*x4*x4*x4 + a5*x5*x5*x5;
					if(sum<0)
						sum+=25000000;
					if(hash[sum])
						solution+=hash[sum];
				}
			}
		}
		cout<<solution<<endl;
	}
	return 0;
}