spring cloud基础知识 ——spring cloud 的服务消费者rest + ribbon(三)

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最新推荐文章于 2025-08-12 23:28:12 发布

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本文详细介绍如何使用Spring Cloud Ribbon实现服务间的负载均衡。通过创建并配置service-ribbon模块，结合Eureka服务发现，实现对多个实例的服务调用。演示了从搭建环境到实现负载均衡的全过程。

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开发工具idea，开发技术spring cloud

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新建工程module：service-ribbon

依赖如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>
   <groupId>com.dream.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>service-ribbon</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>service-ribbon</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <properties>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
      <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
         <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
               <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
         </exclusions>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <dependencyManagement>
      <dependencies>
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
         </dependency>
      </dependencies>
   </dependencyManagement>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>

</project>

配置文件如下：

server.port=8084
spring.application.name=service-ribbon
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8081/eureka/

在启动类上加上 @EnableDiscoveryClient 和 @EnableEurekaClient 注解

然后开始负载均衡：

启动类如下

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args);
   }

   // 开启负载均衡
   @Bean
   @LoadBalanced
   RestTemplate restTemplate(){
      return new RestTemplate();
   }
}

新建controller

@RestController
public class HelloControler {
    @Autowired
    HelloService helloService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String hi(@RequestParam String name) {
        return helloService.hiService(name);
    }
}

新建service

public interface HelloService {
    public String hiService(String name);
}

实现service

@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Override
    public String hiService(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eurekaclient/index/hi?name=" + name, String.class);
    }
}

启动注册中心全部eureka-server 和 eureka-client (eureka-client启动两个才能看出负载均衡)

访问地址：

http://localhost:8084/hi?name=forezp