问题:寻找一条单链表中的中间项的值。
- 链表结构体
typedef struct Node{
int value;
struct Node* next;
}*Link;
-
思路:使用快慢指针,设置两个指针(slow,fast)分别指向链表第一项,slow每次移动一次(
slow = slow.next
) ,fast 每次移动两次(fast = fast.next.next
),当fast遍历完整条链表后,slow的位置即是中间项的位置。 -
动画模拟:
-
代码实现:
int findMid(Link head){
if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL){
return -1;
}
// 定义两个指针指向链表第一项
Link slow = head->next,fast = head->next;
// 两个指针遍历链表,当快指针指向的结点没有下一结点时,结束循环。
while(fast!=NULL && fast->next!=NULL){
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
}
return slow->value;
}
效果:
奇数长度链表
偶数长度链表
完整测试代码:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
typedef struct Node{
int value;
struct Node* next;
}*Link;
Link rearCreateLink(int n);
void print(Link head);
int findMid(Link head);
int main(){
int n;
Link L2;
scanf("%d",&n);
L2 = rearCreateLink(n);
printf("%d",findMid(L2));
return 0;
}
Link rearCreateLink(int n){
Link head,rear,newNode;
head = (Link)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
head->next = NULL;
rear = head;
while(n--){
newNode = (Link)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
scanf("%d",&newNode->value);
newNode->next = rear->next;
rear->next = newNode;
rear = rear->next;
}
return head;
}
void print(Link head){
Link link;
if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL){
printf("此链表为空!\n");
return ;
}
link = head->next;
while(link!=NULL){
printf(" %d ",link->value);
link = link->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
int findMid(Link head){
if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL){
return -1;
}
Link slow = head->next,fast = head->next;
while(fast!=NULL && fast->next!=NULL){
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
}
return slow->value;
}