json中的loads和dumps的区别及用法

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-21 15:44:55 发布

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1.json.loads()：将str转为dict类型的

通常loads会在读取文件中的数据时会用到，读取的文件中数据看上去是个字典，但实际上是个str类型的数据这个时候就会用到

2.json.dumps：将dict转为str

通常dumps会在保存数据时会用到，保存的数据是个字典，但使用写入方法时，写入的只能是str类型的

3.举例

（1）json.loads（）

"""
{
    "shop_id": "299244686",
    "shop_name": "伊利旗舰店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "1790973264",
    "shop_name": "蒙牛旗舰店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "2204191628299",
    "shop_name": "pagoda百果园旗舰店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "1657488384",
    "shop_name": "光明乳业官方旗舰店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "2212318149350",
    "shop_name": "海河旗舰店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "2549841410",
    "shop_name": "天猫国际自营进口超市",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },
  {
    "shop_id": "2211913840869",
    "shop_name": "伊利休闲家专卖店",
    "shop_category": "进口纯牛奶"
  },

"""

假设这个文件保存在shop.txt文件中，使用read读取出来以后对其遍历

    def shop_read():
        """
        每个店铺的url获取
        :return:
        """
        path = Path.cwd()
        path1 = path / "data" / "shop_info" / "shop_info.txt"
        with open(path1, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            shop_list = f.read()
        return shop_list

    def get_shop():
        """
        获取店铺信息

        """
        shop_list = self.shop_read()
        shop_list = json.loads(shop_list)
        shop_name_list = re.findall(r'"shop_name": "(.*?)"', shop_list)
        shop_url_list = re.findall(r'"shop_url": "(.*?)"', shop_list)
        shop_cat_list = re.findall(r'"shop_category": "(.*?)"', shop_list)
        for shop in range(num1 * 100, num1 * 100 + num2):
            search_text = shop_cat_list[shop]
            shop_url = shop_url_list[shop]
            shop_name = shop_name_list[shop]
            self.carwl(search_text, shop_url, shop_name)

2.json.dumps()

def save(self,product_json_data):
    """
    保存商品信息的数据
    :param self:
    :param product_json_data:
    :return:
    """
    with open("product_info.txt", "a", encoding='utf-8') as file:
        file.write(product_json_data)
    time.sleep(2)
    self.driver.close()

def parse():
    shop_message_list = []
        try:
            for i in range(0, 20):
                try:
                    address = shop_data.xpath(
                        f'//li[@class="list-item"][{i + 1}]/ul/li[2]/p[@class="shop-info"]/span[@class="shop-address"]/text()')[
                        0]
                except:
                    address = "null"
                dict_uid_name = {
                    "shop_id": shop_id[i],
                    "shop_name": shop_name[i],
                    "shop_url": "https:" + shop_url[i],
                    "shop_category": name_text,
                    "shop_address": address,
                    "good_comt": shop_comt[i],
                    "shop_img": shop_img[i],
                }
                shop_message_list.append(dict_uid_name)
            logger.info(f"第{num_c + 1}个分类的第{page + 1}页数据抓取完成！")
            page1 = page - 1
        except:
            logger.info(f"第{num_c + 1}个分类的第{page + 1}页的数据未能抓取！")
            page1 = page - 1
        time.sleep(random.randint(3, 4))
        shop_json_list = json.dumps(shop_message_list, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
        save(shop_json_list)