android的消息机制包括:handler(处理者)、looper(循环)、messageQueue(消息队列)、message消息。
Message
public class Message implements Parcelable {
/* ========= 消息携带的业务数据(内部状态,可复用) ========= */
public int what; // 用户自定义消息码
public int arg1; // 低负载 int 参数 1
public int arg2; // 低负载 int 参数 2
public Object obj; // 任意对象载荷
/* ========= 框架控制字段 ========= */
int flags; // 标志位:FLAG_IN_USE / FLAG_ASYNCHRONOUS 等
public long when; // 应该被执行的绝对时间(uptimeMillis)
Handler target; // 目标 Handler(外部状态,每次由发送者注入)
Runnable callback; // 回调 Runnable(外部状态)
Message next; // 链表指针,构成消息队列或对象池
/* ========= 享元对象池(Flyweight Pool) ========= */
public static final Object sPoolSync = new Object(); // 池锁(线程安全)
private static Message sPool; // 链表头:空闲对象
private static int sPoolSize = 0; // 当前池内对象数
private static final int MAX_POOL_SIZE = 50; // 池上限,防止无限膨胀
/**
* 享元工厂方法:优先从池中取,池空才 new
* 相当于 FlyweightFactory.obtain()
*/
public static Message obtain() {
synchronized (sPoolSync) {
if (sPool != null) { // 池里有可用对象
Message m = sPool; // 取出头节点
sPool = m.next; // 链表头后移
m.next = null; // 断链
m.flags = 0; // 清除“正在使用”标志
sPoolSize--;
return m; // 返回复用对象
}
}
return new Message(); // 池空则新建
}
/**
* 把用完的消息回收进池(供 Handler/Looper 内部调用)
* 1. 清零所有内部状态,避免旧数据残留
* 2. 头插法放回链表,线程安全
*/
void recycleUnchecked() {
// 标记“正在使用”,防止二次回收
flags = FLAG_IN_USE;
/* ===== 重置复用字段(内部状态清零) ===== */
what = 0;
arg1 = 0;
arg2 = 0;
obj = null;
replyTo = null;
sendingUid = UID_NONE;
workSourceUid = UID_NONE;
when = 0;
target = null;
callback = null;
data = null;
/* ===== 放回对象池 ===== */
synchronized (sPoolSync) {
if (sPoolSize < MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
next = sPool; // 头插
sPool = this;
sPoolSize++;
}
// 若池已满,则直接丢弃(由 GC 回收)
}
}
/**
* 把消息标记为异步(用于屏障机制)
* 设置/清除 FLAG_ASYNCHRONOUS 位
*/
public void setAsynchronous(boolean async) {
if (async) {
flags |= FLAG_ASYNCHRONOUS;
} else {
flags &= ~FLAG_ASYNCHRONOUS;
}
}
}
MessageQueue
public final class MessageQueue {
/* ========= 1. 基本字段 ========= */
private final boolean mQuitAllowed; // 是否允许退出(主线程 false,普通线程 true)
private long mPtr; // native 层队列指针,0 表示已 dispose
Message mMessages; // 消息链表头,按 when 升序排列
/* ========= 2. native 方法 ========= */
// 阻塞等待消息或超时;native 层 epoll 实现
private native void nativePollOnce(long ptr, int timeoutMillis);
// 立即唤醒等待的 native epoll
private native static void nativeWake(long ptr);
// 创建 native 队列,返回指针
private native static long nativeInit();
/* ========= 3. 构造 ========= */
MessageQueue(boolean quitAllowed) {
mQuitAllowed = quitAllowed;
mPtr = nativeInit(); // 初始化 native 对象
}
/* ========= 4. 核心循环:Looper.loop() 会死循环调用 next() ========= */
Message next() {
final long ptr = mPtr;
if (ptr == 0) return null; // native 层已释放,直接退出
int pendingIdleHandlerCount = -1; // 首次循环标记
int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0; // 0:立即检查;-1:无限等待
for (;;) {
if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {
Binder.flushPendingCommands(); // 让 Binder 也处理一下
}
nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis); // 阻塞直到有消息或超时
synchronized (this) {
final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
Message prevMsg = null;
Message msg = mMessages;
/* 4.1 遇到同步屏障:跳过所有同步消息,只找异步消息 */
if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {
do {
prevMsg = msg;
msg = msg.next;
} while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());
}
/* 4.2 找到待处理消息 */
if (msg != null) {
if (now < msg.when) {
// 还没到时候,计算下次等待时间
nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
} else {
// 真正取出消息
mBlocked = false;
if (prevMsg != null) prevMsg.next = msg.next;
else mMessages = msg.next;
msg.next = null;
msg.markInUse();
return msg;
}
} else {
// 队列空,无限等待
nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;
}
/* 4.3 处理退出 */
if (mQuitting) {
dispose(); // 释放 native 资源
return null;
}
/* 4.4 空闲处理器 IdleHandler(仅在首次循环且队列空时触发) */
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount < 0 &&
(mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when)) {
pendingIdleHandlerCount = mIdleHandlers.size();
}
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {
mBlocked = true; // 继续阻塞
continue;
}
// 运行 IdleHandler
for (int i = 0; i < pendingIdleHandlerCount; i++) {
IdleHandler idler = mPendingIdleHandlers[i];
mPendingIdleHandlers[i] = null;
boolean keep = idler.queueIdle(); // 回调
if (!keep) synchronized (this) { mIdleHandlers.remove(idler); }
}
pendingIdleHandlerCount = 0;
nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0; // 立即再次检查
}
}
}
/* ========= 5. 同步屏障:插入 target==null 的占位消息 ========= */
public int postSyncBarrier() {
return postSyncBarrier(SystemClock.uptimeMillis());
}
private int postSyncBarrier(long when) {
synchronized (this) {
final int token = mNextBarrierToken++; // 唯一标识
Message msg = Message.obtain(); // 从享元池拿
msg.markInUse();
msg.when = when;
msg.arg1 = token; // token 存 arg1
msg.target = null; // 这就是“屏障”
/* 按时间升序插入链表 */
Message prev = null, p = mMessages;
while (p != null && p.when <= when) { prev = p; p = p.next; }
if (prev != null) { prev.next = msg; msg.next = p; }
else { mMessages = msg; msg.next = p; }
return token; // 外部用来 removeSyncBarrier
}
}
/* ========= 6. 入队消息:Handler.sendMessage() 最终走到这里 ========= */
boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
if (msg.target == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message must have a target.");
synchronized (this) {
if (msg.isInUse()) throw new IllegalStateException("msg in use");
if (mQuitting) { msg.recycle(); return false; } // 已退出
msg.markInUse();
msg.when = when;
/* 按时间升序插入链表,决定是否需要唤醒 nativePollOnce */
Message p = mMessages;
boolean needWake;
if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
// 插入到链表头,需要唤醒
msg.next = p;
mMessages = msg;
needWake = mBlocked;
} else {
// 插入到中间,只当头部是屏障且最早异步消息时才需唤醒
needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
Message prev;
for (; ; ) {
prev = p;
p = p.next;
if (p == null || when < p.when) break;
if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) needWake = false;
}
msg.next = p;
prev.next = msg;
}
if (needWake) nativeWake(mPtr); // 立即唤醒等待线程
}
return true;
}
}
Looper
public final class Looper {
/* ========= 1. 成员变量 ========= */
final MessageQueue mQueue; // 当前线程的消息队列(链表 + 屏障 + epoll)
final Thread mThread; // 当前 Looper 所在的线程对象
// ThreadLocal 保证“一个线程一个 Looper”
static final ThreadLocal<Looper> sThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
/* ========= 2. 准备阶段:为当前线程创建 Looper ========= */
private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
// 每个线程只能调用一次 prepare()
if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
}
// 创建 Looper 并放入 ThreadLocal
sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
}
/* ========= 3. 主循环:死循环读取消息 ========= */
public static void loop() {
// 取出当前线程绑定的 Looper
final Looper me = myLooper();
if (me == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
}
me.mInLoop = true; // 防止重复 loop
Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); // 保证线程身份一致
// 读取系统属性,用于慢日志阈值
final int thresholdOverride = SystemProperties.getInt(...);
// 死循环:不断取消息并分发
for (;;) {
if (!loopOnce(me, Binder.clearCallingIdentity(), thresholdOverride)) {
return; // 无消息 / 队列退出
}
}
}
/* ========= 4. 单次循环:取消息 → 分发 → 回收 ========= */
private static boolean loopOnce(final Looper me, final long ident, final int thresholdOverride) {
// 4-1 从 MessageQueue 取出下一条消息(可能阻塞)
Message msg = me.mQueue.next();
if (msg == null) {
return false; // 队列退出 -> loop 结束
}
// 4-2 日志/性能统计
final Printer logging = me.mLogging;
final Observer observer = sObserver;
final long traceTag = me.mTraceTag;
long slowDispatch = me.mSlowDispatchThresholdMs;
long slowDelivery = me.mSlowDeliveryThresholdMs;
if (thresholdOverride > 0) {
slowDispatch = slowDelivery = thresholdOverride;
}
// 4-3 真正分发:Handler.dispatchMessage(...)
Object token = null;
long origWorkSource = ThreadLocalWorkSource.setUid(msg.workSourceUid);
try {
if (observer != null) token = observer.messageDispatchStarting();
msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg); // 把消息交给目标 Handler
if (observer != null) observer.messageDispatched(token, msg);
} catch (Exception ex) {
if (observer != null) observer.dispatchingThrewException(token, msg, ex);
throw ex;
} finally {
ThreadLocalWorkSource.restore(origWorkSource);
if (traceTag != 0) Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
}
// 4-4 慢日志 & 线程身份校验
if (slowDelivery > 0 && (SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - msg.when) > slowDelivery) {
showSlowLog(...);
}
if (slowDispatch > 0 && ...) {
showSlowLog(...);
}
if (logging != null) logging.println("<<<<< Finished ...");
final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
if (ident != newIdent) {
Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed while dispatching");
}
// 4-5 享元回收:把 Message 放回对象池
msg.recycleUnchecked();
return true;
}
/* ========= 5. 工具方法 ========= */
// 返回当前线程绑定的 Looper
public static @Nullable Looper myLooper() {
return sThreadLocal.get();
}
}
Looper
通过 ThreadLocal 保证“一线程一循环”,MessageQueue 负责阻塞/唤醒取消息,loopOnce 完成 取 → 分发 → 回收 的闭环,实现 Android 主线程/Handler 的核心调度。
Handler
public class Handler {
/* ========= 1. 关键成员 ========= */
final Looper mLooper; // 当前线程绑定的 Looper
final MessageQueue mQueue; // 该 Looper 的消息队列(链表 + 屏障)
@UnsupportedAppUsage
final Callback mCallback; // 可选回调接口,替代子类重写 handleMessage
final boolean mAsynchronous; // 是否把消息设为异步(用于屏障插队)
/* ========= 2. 构造方法集合 ========= */
/**
* 显式指定 Looper 的构造
* 通常用于子线程或跨线程发消息
*/
public Handler(@NonNull Looper looper, @Nullable Callback callback, boolean async) {
mLooper = looper;
mQueue = looper.mQueue; // 直接引用 Looper 里的队列
mCallback = callback;
mAsynchronous = async;
}
/**
* 默认构造:绑定当前线程的 Looper
* 必须在已调用 Looper.prepare() 的线程中使用
*/
public Handler(@Nullable Callback callback, boolean async) {
/* 可选:检测匿名/内部类导致的内存泄漏 */
if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
(klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
Log.w(TAG, "Handler 应该是 static,否则可能内存泄漏:" + klass.getCanonicalName());
}
}
mLooper = Looper.myLooper(); // 从 ThreadLocal 获取当前线程 Looper
if (mLooper == null) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"当前线程尚未调用 Looper.prepare(),无法创建 Handler");
}
mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
mCallback = callback;
mAsynchronous = async;
}
/* ========= 3. 消息处理回调接口 ========= */
public interface Callback {
/**
* 如果返回 true,表示消息已处理完,不再调用 handleMessage()
*/
boolean handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg);
}
/**
* 子类重写此方法即可接收消息
* 默认空实现,子类按需实现
*/
public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
// 子类实现
}
/* ========= 4. 消息分发:Looper → Handler ========= */
public void dispatchMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
/* 4-1 优先级 1:Message 自带 Runnable(post Runnable) */
if (msg.callback != null) {
handleCallback(msg);
} else {
/* 4-2 优先级 2:Callback 接口 */
if (mCallback != null && mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
return; // Callback 已消费
}
/* 4-3 优先级 3:子类 handleMessage() */
handleMessage(msg);
}
}
/* 工具方法:直接运行 Runnable */
private static void handleCallback(Message message) {
message.callback.run();
}
/* ========= 5. 发送消息系列 ========= */
/**
* 延时 post Runnable
* 内部把 Runnable 包装成 Message
*/
public final boolean postDelayed(@NonNull Runnable r, long delayMillis) {
return sendMessageDelayed(getPostMessage(r), delayMillis);
}
/**
* 真正的入队入口:把消息塞进 MessageQueue
* 设置目标 Handler、异步标记、线程 UID 等元数据
*/
private boolean enqueueMessage(@NonNull MessageQueue queue, @NonNull Message msg,
long uptimeMillis) {
msg.target = this; // 标记消息归属(回调目标)
msg.workSourceUid = ThreadLocalWorkSource.getUid(); // 用于线程调度
if (mAsynchronous) { // 如果是异步 Handler,给消息打异步标记
msg.setAsynchronous(true);
}
return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis); // 最终交给队列
}
}
模拟消息队列
这里先理解一个消息队列这个概念,handler的消息队列是先进先出的链表结构,下面是模拟消息队列写的一些方法。
消息类的写法
public class MessageData {
//传递的数据类型,以作判断
public int status;
//你需要处理的数据
public Object data;
//用于连接消息的类
public MessageData message;
//最多连接数,这里没做处理
public int linkedSize = 0;
}
消息队列的写法
public class MessageQueueData {
private MessageData messageData;
//入队:将消息存入消息队列中
public void enqueueMessage(MessageData messageData) {
Log.e("MessageQueueData", "enqueueMessage:" + messageData.status);
//判断消息队列是否为空,如果为空,就讲链条的第一个消息置位假如的消息
if (this.messageData == null) {
this.messageData = messageData;
this.messageData.message = null;
} else {
//如果不为空,进行链条循环,
//将链条的第一数据赋值
MessageData tempMy = this.messageData;
MessageData tempInner;
for (; ; ) {
//取出该数据中用于连接的数据
tempInner = tempMy.message;
//如果该数据不为空,将该数据置为链条的类
if (tempInner != null) {
tempMy = tempInner;
} else {
//如果该数据为空,将该数据假如链条,结束循环
tempMy.message = messageData;
break;
}
}
}
}
//出队,将消息从消息队列中取出
public void next() {
if (this.messageData != null) {
Log.e("MessageQueueData", "next:" + this.messageData.status);
//取出消息,将内部连接到该类中
this.messageData = this.messageData.message;
}
}
}
执行过后的数据为
这里就体现出了先进先出的逻辑,好了,下面自定义一个looper循环的定时器
private class HandlerThread extends Thread {
private Handler mHandler;
private TimmerRunnable mTimmerRunnable;
private int time = 0;
public HandlerThread() {
mTimmerRunnable = new TimmerRunnable();
}
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
//创建该线程的looper,一个线程只能创建一个looper
Looper.prepare();
//创建该线程的handler
mHandler = new Handler();
//发送消息,及消息入队
mHandler.post(mTimmerRunnable);
//开始循环,进入循环获取消息
Looper.loop();
}
public void stopThread() {
//退出循环,结束线程
mHandler.getLooper().quit();
}
private class TimmerRunnable implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
//消息会送,在这里处理你的消息,这样就实现了一个消息循环了,完成定时器
time++;
tv_time.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
tv_time.setText("时间:" + time);
}
});
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
mHandler.post(mTimmerRunnable);
}
}
}
先从创建开始,这里调用looper的prepare()
//先调用的这个方法
public static void prepare() {
prepare(true);
}
//做空判断,如果该线程已近存在looper了就会抛出异常,所以一个线程只能有一个looper
private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
}
sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
}
//创建消息队列,将该线程赋值到looper中
private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);
mThread = Thread.currentThread();
}
Handler的创建
//没有传入参数的构造方法
public Handler() {
this(null, false);
}
//调用的是该构造函数
public Handler(Callback callback, boolean async) {
if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
(klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +
klass.getCanonicalName());
}
}
//获取该线程的looper,如果该线程的looper不存在,就会抛出异常
mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
if (mLooper == null) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Can't create handler inside thread " + Thread.currentThread()
+ " that has not called Looper.prepare()");
}
//将looper创建的MessageQueue赋值到handler中
mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
//消息处理接口,用于从消息队列出去后发送回主界面,以便于实现你的代码
mCallback = callback;
mAsynchronous = async;
}
接下来进入Looper的循环机制
//进入循环
public static void loop() {
//获取该线程的looper,如果为空则抛出异常
final Looper me = myLooper();
if (me == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
}
//获取looper中创建的消息队列
final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
// Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,
// and keep track of what that identity token actually is.
Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
// Allow overriding a threshold with a system prop. e.g.
// adb shell 'setprop log.looper.1000.main.slow 1 && stop && start'
final int thresholdOverride =
SystemProperties.getInt("log.looper."
+ Process.myUid() + "."
+ Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ ".slow", 0);
boolean slowDeliveryDetected = false;
//进入死循环,循环读取消息队列中的消息
for (;;) {
//获取消息队列的消息,如果消息队列返还为空,则跳出循环结束该方法
//消息队列中,当队列中的消息问空的时候会进入死循环,这里会进入阻塞状态
//只用手动调用queue.quit()方法才会返回空,然后结束该方法,结束线程
Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
if (msg == null) {
// No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
return;
}
// This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger
final Printer logging = me.mLogging;
if (logging != null) {
logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " +
msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);
}
final long traceTag = me.mTraceTag;
long slowDispatchThresholdMs = me.mSlowDispatchThresholdMs;
long slowDeliveryThresholdMs = me.mSlowDeliveryThresholdMs;
if (thresholdOverride > 0) {
slowDispatchThresholdMs = thresholdOverride;
slowDeliveryThresholdMs = thresholdOverride;
}
final boolean logSlowDelivery = (slowDeliveryThresholdMs > 0) && (msg.when > 0);
final boolean logSlowDispatch = (slowDispatchThresholdMs > 0);
final boolean needStartTime = logSlowDelivery || logSlowDispatch;
final boolean needEndTime = logSlowDispatch;
if (traceTag != 0 && Trace.isTagEnabled(traceTag)) {
Trace.traceBegin(traceTag, msg.target.getTraceName(msg));
}
final long dispatchStart = needStartTime ? SystemClock.uptimeMillis() : 0;
final long dispatchEnd;
try {
//经过一些列的数据处理,当到达这里的时候,将Message小心中的handler取出来
//然后调用handler的dispatchMessage方法,将消息进行分发
msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
dispatchEnd = needEndTime ? SystemClock.uptimeMillis() : 0;
} finally {
if (traceTag != 0) {
Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
}
}
…………
//释放Message,将Message数据重置,然后开始下一次消息的读取
msg.recycleUnchecked();
}
}
消息队列的数据读取,出队,MessageQueue.next方法
Message next() {
// Return here if the message loop has already quit and been disposed.
// This can happen if the application tries to restart a looper after quit
// which is not supported.
final long ptr = mPtr;
if (ptr == 0) {
return null;
}
int pendingIdleHandlerCount = -1; // -1 only during first iteration
int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
for (;;) {
if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {
Binder.flushPendingCommands();
}
nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);
synchronized (this) {
// Try to retrieve the next message. Return if found.
final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
Message prevMsg = null;
//赋值消息队列首部的消息
Message msg = mMessages;
//判断该消息和该消息保存的handler是
//如果该消息不为空,但是该消息的handler为空,进入
if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {
// Stalled by a barrier. Find the next asynchronous message in the queue.
do {
//赋值,将该消息赋值给prevMsg,同时取出该消息内部存储的消息,
//赋值到msg中
prevMsg = msg;
msg = msg.next;
//满足条件,则继读取下一个链条的数据
} while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());
}
//如果不为空
if (msg != null) {
if (now < msg.when) {
//下一条消息还没有准备好。设置一个超时,当它准备好时唤醒。
// Next message is not ready. Set a timeout to wake up when it is ready.
nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
} else {
// Got a message.
mBlocked = false;
if (prevMsg != null) {
prevMsg.next = msg.next;
} else {
//将该链条的首位置于读取后链条的下一个数据
mMessages = msg.next;
}
//将出队的消息的链条剪短,将下一个数据置空
msg.next = null;
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Returning message: " + msg);
//改变消息队列该链条的状态
msg.markInUse();
//返还该链条的数据
return msg;
}
} else {
// No more messages.
nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;
}
//手动调用quit方法,结束该方法,返还空,到looper.loop层,然后结束该线程
// Process the quit message now that all pending messages have been handled.
if (mQuitting) {
dispose();
return null;
}
……………………
}
}
接下来是消息分发了,handler.dispatchMessage方法
/**
* Handle system messages here.
*/
//这里是判断调用的是handler的post方法还是sendMessage方法
public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
//取出保存在message的handler的callback方法,如果该保存了该方法,就调用回调的
//post方法中的
if (msg.callback != null) {
handleCallback(msg);
} else {
//如果调用的是sendMessage方法,就会调用handleMessage,需要在创建Handler中重新改方法
//收取数据
if (mCallback != null) {
if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
return;
}
}
handleMessage(msg);
}
}
这样就完成了出队的所有流程了。
接下来是入队,入队分为handler.post和handler.sendMessage两种方法入队
先讨论handler.post方法
public final boolean post(Runnable r)
{
return sendMessageDelayed(getPostMessage(r), 0);
}
//创建Message
private static Message getPostMessage(Runnable r) {
Message m = Message.obtain();
m.callback = r;
return m;
}
//进入到这个方法中
public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
//获取消息队列
MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
if (queue == null) {
RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(
this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue");
Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e);
return false;
}
return enqueueMessage(queue, msg, uptimeMillis);
}
//在这个方法中开始进入MessageQueue的入队方法
private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
msg.target = this;
if (mAsynchronous) {
msg.setAsynchronous(true);
}
return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
}
下面是MessageQueue中的enqueueMessage方法
boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
//当message中没有保存handler的时候抛出异常
if (msg.target == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message must have a target.");
}
if (msg.isInUse()) {
throw new IllegalStateException(msg + " This message is already in use.");
}
synchronized (this) {
if (mQuitting) {
IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException(
msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread");
Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage(), e);
msg.recycle();
return false;
}
msg.markInUse();
msg.when = when;
Message p = mMessages;
boolean needWake;
//当链表中第一个位置的数据不存在的时候,将保持的数据加入到链条首位
if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
// New head, wake up the event queue if blocked.
msg.next = p;
mMessages = msg;
needWake = mBlocked;
} else {
// Inserted within the middle of the queue. Usually we don't have to wake
// up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue
// and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue.
needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
Message prev;
循环获取链条中的最后一个数据是否为空,如果为空就跳出该循环
for (;;) {
prev = p;
p = p.next;
if (p == null || when < p.when) {
break;
}
if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) {
needWake = false;
}
}
//加入的数据加入到链条的最后一个位置
msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
prev.next = msg;
}
// We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false.
if (needWake) {
nativeWake(mPtr);
}
}
//加入成功
return true;
}
至此,hander的入队出队就完成了