博客项目搭建(码神之路)

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-27 00:50:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-27 00:50:43 发布 · 7.2k 阅读

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文章标签：

#java #spring boot

本文详细介绍了使用Spring Boot搭建一个包含登录注册、文章管理、评论、标签、分类、文章归档、异常处理等功能的博客系统。从项目搭建、资源下载到前后端交互，逐一讲解每个功能的实现细节，包括接口设计、数据库操作、分页、跨域配置等关键技术。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

Gitee地址 :文章些许混乱,以库为准😰

修改数据库ms_comment的articleId为bigInt,不然文章id会超出范围

前端项目运行命令

npm install
npm run build
npm run dev

创建一个项目,如果是平时开发的，首先都要导入如下依赖

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

如果创建的项目报如下错误的话，请你降低SpringBoot版本

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2021-08-15 20:58:31.515 ERROR 4684 --- [           main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'spring.sql.init-org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sql.init.SqlInitializationProperties': Lookup method resolution failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sql.init.SqlInitializationProperties] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1284) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1201) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:564) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:944) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918) ~[spring-context-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:145) ~[spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) [spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:438) [spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:337) [spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1336) [spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1325) [spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:2.5.0]
	at cn.mldn.admin.AdminApp.main(AdminApp.java:11) [classes/:na]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sql.init.SqlInitializationProperties] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
	at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:481) ~[spring-core-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:321) ~[spring-core-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:267) ~[spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	... 18 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/sql/init/DatabaseInitializationMode
	at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:463) ~[spring-core-5.3.7.jar:5.3.7]
	... 20 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.sql.init.DatabaseInitializationMode
	at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:418) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:355) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:351) ~[na:1.8.0_241]
	... 24 common frames omitted

一.资源下载和项目搭建

下载前端项目（这个的话，可以去QQ群下载）
搭建项目（用idea创建项目）
1）idea create new xxxx在里面一系列的操作
2）导入依赖
```
 a -----：parent和properties的导入	```
```

	<!--parent的解释https://blog.csdn.net/niceyoo/article/details/91852502-->
	<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <!--定义一些属性的问题-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

	b--导入其他的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.lum</groupId>
    <artifactId>blog-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>blog</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.76</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.2</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/joda-time/joda-time -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                <version>2.10.10</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

创建子模块blog-api
1)为什么创建子模块:方便以后分模块开发
2)导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>blog-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lum</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>blog</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <!-- 排除 默认使用的logback  -->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log4j2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--这个就是AOP的问题了撒，不用多说-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--这个是邮箱的处理-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
  <!--这个导入进来就是进程一直在进行-->       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
<!--redis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

<!--JSON的格式问题了-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.76</version>
        </dependency>
<!--mysql的操作了-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--可以看到json中信息-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
<!--跟java.lang这个包的作用类似，Commons Lang这一组API也是提供一些基础的、通用的操作和处理，如自动生成toString()的结果、自动实现hashCode()和equals()方法、数组操作、枚举、日期和时间的处理等等。-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--StringUtils就是这个提供的，用来有时候验证什么是否为空呀-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
 <!--像Md5加密呀-->        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--mybatis的配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.3</version>
        </dependency>
   <!--是关于Data注解的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    <!--时间处理的类-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.10</version>
        </dependency>
  <!--验证-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.qiniu</groupId>
            <artifactId>qiniu-java-sdk</artifactId>
            <version>[7.7.0, 7.7.99]</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-extension</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-configuration</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-configuration</artifactId>
            <version>1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.73</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

编写application.properties文件

server.port=8888

#配置项目名称
spring.application.name=blog

#数据库的设置
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/blog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimeZone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

#Mybaties-plus
mybatis-plus.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
mybatis-plus.global-config.db-config.table-prefix=ms_

编写启动类BlogApplication.java


import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class BlogApplication {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
   
        SpringApplication.run(BlogApplication.class);
    }
}

然后因为引入了上面的Mybatis-plus,所有有如下配置
在项目中创建config文件夹，然后创建MybatisplusConfig.java并且写如下代码：

package com.lum.blog.config;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@MapperScan("com.lum.blog.mapper")
public class MyBatiesPlusConfig {
   
   
}

在这里插入图片描述

启动BlogApplication测试

成功即可，可能会失败，大多是maven依赖关系没有对，仔细比对！
在项目中，肯定要用到分页的，所有要用到Mybatis的分页插件。对MybatisPlusConfig做出如下修改：

 //Mybatis-plus分页插件
    @Bean
    public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor() {
   
   
        MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
        mybatisPlusInterceptor.addInnerInterceptor( new PaginationInnerInterceptor());
        return mybatisPlusInterceptor;
    }

在这里插入图片描述

创建WebMmvConfig.java文件
这里先配置跨域的问题，因为前端和后端是分离了的，前端前端端口访问是跨域的，所有要配置跨域的问题。

package com.lum.blog.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
   
   
   //做跨域配置，为什么要做这个跨域的配置呢，因为比如：我前端的端口号是8080，而我后端接口是8888
   @Override
   public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
   
   

       //addMapping就是所有的文件，allowedOrigins指的是可以那个地址可以访问
       registry.addMapping("/**").allowedOrigins("http://localhost:8080");
   }
}

😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉😉

二、功能

1.首页文章列表页- - -1

1.1接口说明

接口url：/articles
请求方式：post请求
请求参数：

参数名称	参数类型	说明
page	int	当前页
pagesize	int	每页显示的数量

返回数据：

~~~json
{
   
   
    "success": true,
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "success",
    "data": [
        {
   
   
            "id": 1,
            "title": "springboot介绍以及入门案例",
            "summary": "通过Spring Boot实现的服务，只需要依靠一个Java类，把它打包成jar，并通过`java -jar`命令就可以运行起来。\r\n\r\n这一切相较于传统Spring应用来说，已经变得非常的轻便、简单。",
            "commentCounts": 2,
            "viewCounts": 54,
            "weight": 1,
            "createDate": "2021-06-26 15:58",
            "author": "lum",
            "body": null,
            "tags": [
                {
   
   
                    "id": 5,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "444"
                },
                {
   
   
                    "id": 7,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "22"
                },
                {
   
   
                    "id": 8,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "11"
                }
            ],
            "categorys": null
        },
        {
   
   
            "id": 9,
            "title": "Vue.js 是什么",
            "summary": "Vue (读音 /vjuː/，类似于 view) 是一套用于构建用户界面的渐进式框架。",
            "commentCounts": 0,
            "viewCounts": 3,
            "weight": 0,
            "createDate": "2609-06-27 11:25",
            "author": "12",
            "body": null,
            "tags": [
                {
   
   
                    "id": 7,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "22"
                }
            ],
            "categorys": null
        },
        {
   
   
            "id": 10,
            "title": "Element相关",
            "summary": "本节将介绍如何在项目中使用 Element。",
            "commentCounts": 0,
            "viewCounts": 3,
            "weight": 0,
            "createDate": "2609-06-27 11:25",
            "author": "12",
            "body": null,
            "tags": [
                {
   
   
                    "id": 5,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "444"
                },
                {
   
   
                    "id": 6,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "33"
                },
                {
   
   
                    "id": 7,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "22"
                },
                {
   
   
                    "id": 8,
                    "avatar": null,
                    "tagName": "11"
                }
            ],
            "categorys": null
        }
    ]
}

1.2表结构
既然我们有了前端和页面要返回的数据，那我们的用户什么的，肯定都要和类有关系


返回数据的文章数据表
~~~sql
CREATE TABLE `blog`.`ms_article`  (
  `id` bigint(0) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `comment_counts` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论数量',
  `create_date` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `summary` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '简介',
  `title` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '标题',
  `view_counts` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '浏览数量',
  `weight` int(0) NOT NULL COMMENT '是否置顶',
  `author_id` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '作者id',
  `body_id` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '内容id',
  `category_id` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '类别id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 25 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
~~