继承/组合关系时 构造/析构函数执行顺序 虚析构函数存在的意义

继承/组合关系时 构造/析构函数执行顺序

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
    A(){
        cout<<"A"<<endl;
    }   
    ~A(){
        cout<<"~A"<<endl;
    }   
};
class B:public A{
public:
    B(){
        cout<<"B"<<endl;
    }   
    ~B(){
        cout<<"~B"<<endl;
    }   
};
class C:public B{
public:
    C(){
        cout<<"C"<<endl;
    }   
    ~C(){
        cout<<"~C"<<endl;
    }   
};
class D{
private:
    C c;
public:
    D(){
        cout<<"D"<<endl;
    }
    ~D(){
        cout<<"~D"<<endl;
    }
};
int main(){
    cout<<"继承关系：A<-B<-C"<<endl;
    C c;
    cout<<"组合关系: D包含C对象成员"<<endl;
    D d;

输出

(base) ➜  Cpp ./constructSequence        
继承关系：A<-B<-C
A
B
C
组合关系: D包含C对象成员
A
B
C
D
~D
~C
~B
~A
~C
~B
~A

虚析构函数存在的意义

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class father{
public:
    virtual ~father(){
        cout<<"desFather"<<endl;
    }   
    virtual void func(){
        cout<<"father virFunc"<<endl;
    }   
};
class son:public father{
public:
    virtual ~son(){
        cout<<"desSon"<<endl;
    }   
    virtual void func(){
        cout<<"son virFun"<<endl;
    }   
};
int main(){
    father *f = new son; 
    f->func();
    delete f;
    return 0;
}

输出：

(base) ➜  Cpp ./virtualDes                    
son virFun
desSon
desFather

如果析构函数不是虚函数，那么只释放父类，不释放子类。