自定义注解，自动注入对象，类似于spring @AutoWired 简单实现

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 16:17:48 发布

夜尽天明xyz

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 16:17:48 发布

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分类专栏： spring

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这篇博客探讨了如何使用Java注解`@AutoWared`和反射来实现依赖注入。示例中展示了如何在`UserController`类中通过反射找到`UserService`字段，并根据注解自动创建并注入对象。对比了两种不同的注入方式，`test2()`方法更优，能自动处理类的实例化和字段赋值。

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1.注解类

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//注解运行范围
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
//@Inherited
//@Documented
public @interface AutoWared {
}

2.Controller

public class UserController {
    @AutoWared
    private UserService userService;

    public UserService getUserService() {
        return userService;
    }

    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }
}

3.Service

public class UserService  {


    public UserService(){
        System.out.println("UserService construct.....");
    }

}

4.Test,两种反射都可以创建注入对象，第二种明显优于第一种

public static void test() throws Exception {

        UserController userController = new UserController();
        Class<? extends UserController> aClazz = userController.getClass();

        UserService u = new UserService();
        Field userService = aClazz.getDeclaredField("userService");
        userService.setAccessible(true);

        //只有通过方法才能设置具体属性
        String name = userService.getName();
        name = name.substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+name.substring(1,name.length());
        String setMName = "set"+name;

        Method m = aClazz.getMethod(setMName,UserService.class);
        m.invoke(userController,u);

        System.out.println(userController.getUserService());

    }

public static void test2() throws Exception {
        UserController userController = new UserController();
        Class<? extends UserController> aClazz = userController.getClass();

        Stream.of(aClazz.getDeclaredFields()).forEach(field -> {
            String name = field.getName();
            AutoWared annotation = field.getAnnotation(AutoWared.class);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            if(annotation!=null){
                Class<?> type = field.getType();
                try {
                    Object o = type.newInstance();
                    field.set(userController,o);
                } catch (InstantiationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        System.out.println(userController.getUserService());

    }