输入一个子网掩码以及两个ip地址，判断这两个ip地址是否是一个子网络

判断输入是否符合ip格式

pattern = re.compile(
    r"^(0|[1-9]\d?|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])(\.(0|[1-9]\d?|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){3}$"
)

判断子网掩码是否符合
子网掩码由连续的1和连续的0组成，左边是1，右边是0
例如：11111111 11111111 11110000 0000

string = ""
for part in a:
	string += bin(part).replace("0b", "").zfill(8)
	if "01" in string:
		print(1)

判断是否属于同一网络
将ip转化成整数，再与子网掩码转化的整数相与

# IP转为整数
r = [192,168,0,1]
sum = 0
for i in range(len(r)):
	sum += r[i] << (len(r) - 1 - i)*8
print(sum)  # 3232235521
print(bin(sum)) # 0b11000000101010000000000000000001

3232235521的二进制：
0b 11000000 10101000 00000000 00000001
4. 全部代码

输入：
255.255.255.0
192.168.224.256
192.168.10.4
输出：
1

import sys
import re

pattern = re.compile(
    r"^(0|[1-9]\d?|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])(\.(0|[1-9]\d?|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){3}$"
)
rows = []
for i, line in enumerate(sys.stdin):
    ip = line.strip()
    if not pattern.match(ip):
        print(1)
        break
    a = list(map(int, ip.split(".")))
    if i == 0:  # 校验子网掩码
        string = ""
        for part in a:
            string += bin(part).replace("0b", "").zfill(8)
        if "01" in string:
            print(1)
            break
    rows.append(a)
else:
    record = []
    for r in rows:
        sum = 0
        for i in range(len(r)):
            sum += r[i] << (len(r) - 1 - i)*8
        record.append(sum)
    res = 0 if record[1] & record[0] == record[2] & record[0] else 2
    print(res)