本文深入剖析SpringSecurity的认证流程，从UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter开始，详细介绍如何通过自定义UserDetailsService实现用户认证，以及认证成功后的权限信息处理。
【SpringSecurity】SpringSecurity认证流程分析
1. UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
先看主要负责认证的过滤器UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，有删减。
public class UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter{
public static final String SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_USERNAME_KEY = "username";
public static final String SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_PASSWORD_KEY = "password";
private String usernameParameter = "username";
private String passwordParameter = "password";
private boolean postOnly = true;
public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter() {
super(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login", "POST"));
}
public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
//必须为POST请求
if (this.postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
throw new AuthenticationServiceException("Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod());
} else {
String username = this.obtainUsername(request);
String password = this.obtainPassword(request);
if (username == null) {
username = "";
}
if (password == null) {
password = "";
}
username = username.trim();
//将填写的用户名和密码封装到了UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken中
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
this.setDetails(request, authRequest);
//调用AuthenticationManager对象实现认证
return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
}
}
}
2. AuthenticationManager
由上面源码得知，真正认证操作在AuthenticationManager里面！
然后看AuthenticationManager的实现类ProviderManager：
public class ProviderManager implements AuthenticationManager, MessageSourceAware,InitializingBean {
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ProviderManager.class);
private AuthenticationEventPublisher eventPublisher;
private List<AuthenticationProvider> providers;
protected MessageSourceAccessor messages;
private AuthenticationManager parent;
private boolean eraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication;
//注意AuthenticationProvider这个对象，SpringSecurity针对每一种认证，什么qq登录啊，
//用户名密码登陆啊，微信登录啊都封装了一个AuthenticationProvider对象。
public ProviderManager(List<AuthenticationProvider> providers) {
this(providers, (AuthenticationManager)null);
}
public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
Class<? extends Authentication> toTest = authentication.getClass();
AuthenticationException lastException = null;
AuthenticationException parentException = null;
Authentication result = null;
Authentication parentResult = null;
boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
Iterator var8 = this.getProviders().iterator();
//循环所有AuthenticationProvider，匹配当前认证类型。
while(var8.hasNext()) {
AuthenticationProvider provider = (AuthenticationProvider)var8.next();
if (provider.supports(toTest)) {
if (debug) {
logger.debug("Authentication attempt using " + provider.getClass().getName());
}
try {
//找到了对应认证类型就继续调用AuthenticationProvider对象完成认证业务。
result = provider.authenticate(authentication);
if (result != null) {
this.copyDetails(authentication, result);
break;
}
} catch (AccountStatusException var13) {
this.prepareException(var13, authentication);
throw var13;
} catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException var14) {
this.prepareException(var14, authentication);
throw var14;
} catch (AuthenticationException var15) {
lastException = var15;
}
}
}
if (result == null && this.parent != null) {
try {
result = parentResult = this.parent.authenticate(authentication);
} catch (ProviderNotFoundException var11) {
} catch (AuthenticationException var12) {
parentException = var12;
lastException = var12;
}
}
if (result != null) {
if (this.eraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication && result instanceof CredentialsContainer) {
((CredentialsContainer)result).eraseCredentials();
}
if (parentResult == null) {
this.eventPublisher.publishAuthenticationSuccess(result);
}
return result;
} else {
if (lastException == null) {
lastException = new ProviderNotFoundException(this.messages.getMessage("ProviderManager.providerNotFound", new Object[]{toTest.getName()}, "No AuthenticationProvider found for {0}"));
}
if (parentException == null) {
this.prepareException((AuthenticationException)lastException, authentication);
}
throw lastException;
}
}
}
3.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider
咱们继续再找到AuthenticationProvider的实现类AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider：
public class DaoAuthenticationProvider extends AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider {
private static final String USER_NOT_FOUND_PASSWORD = "userNotFoundPassword";
private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
private volatile String userNotFoundEncodedPassword;
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
private UserDetailsPasswordService userDetailsPasswordService;
protected final UserDetails retrieveUser(String username,
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
this.prepareTimingAttackProtection();
try {
//重点来了！主要就在这里了！
//可别忘了，咱们为什么要翻源码，是想用自己数据库中的数据实现认证操作啊！
//UserDetails就是SpringSecurity自己的用户对象。
//this.getUserDetailsService()其实就是得到UserDetailsService的一个实现类
//loadUserByUsername里面就是真正的认证逻辑
//也就是说我们可以直接编写一个UserDetailsService的实现类，告诉SpringSecurity就可以了！
//loadUserByUsername方法中只需要返回一个UserDetails对象即可
UserDetails loadedUser = this.getUserDetailsService().loadUserByUsername(username);
//若返回null，就抛出异常，认证失败。
if (loadedUser == null) {
throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException("UserDetailsService returned null, which is an interface contract violation");
} else {
//若有得到了UserDetails对象，返回即可。
return loadedUser;
}
} catch (UsernameNotFoundException var4) {
this.mitigateAgainstTimingAttack(authentication);
throw var4;
} catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException var5) {
throw var5;
} catch (Exception var6) {
throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException(var6.getMessage(), var6);
}
}
}
4. AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider中authenticate返回值
按理说到此已经知道自定义认证方法的怎么写了，但咱们把返回的流程也大概走一遍，上面不是说到返回了一个UserDetails对象对象吗？跟着它，就又回到了AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider对象中authenticate方法的最后一行了。
public abstract class AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider, InitializingBean, MessageSourceAware {
public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
//最后一行返回值，调用了createSuccessAuthentication方法，此方法就在下面！
return this.createSuccessAuthentication(principalToReturn, authentication, user);
}
//咿！？怎么又封装了一次UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken，开局不是已经封装过了吗？
protected Authentication createSuccessAuthentication(Object principal, Authentication authentication, UserDetails user) {
//那就从构造方法点进去看看，这才干啥了。
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken result = new
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(principal, authentication.getCredentials(),
this.authoritiesMapper.mapAuthorities(user.getAuthorities()));
result.setDetails(authentication.getDetails());
return result;
}
}
5. UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
来到UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken对象发现里面有两个构造方法
public class UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken extends AbstractAuthenticationToken {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 510L;
private final Object principal;
private Object credentials;
//认证成功前，调用的是这个带有两个参数的。
public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Object credentials) {
super((Collection)null);
this.principal = principal;
this.credentials = credentials;
this.setAuthenticated(false);
}
//认证成功后，调用的是这个带有三个参数的。
public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Object credentials,
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
//看看父类干了什么！
super(authorities);
this.principal = principal;
this.credentials = credentials;
super.setAuthenticated(true);
}
}
6. AbstractAuthenticationToken
再点进去super(authorities)看看：
public abstract class AbstractAuthenticationToken implements Authentication, CredentialsContainer {
private final Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
private Object details;
private boolean authenticated = false;
public AbstractAuthenticationToken(Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
//这时两个参数那个分支！
if (authorities == null) {
this.authorities = AuthorityUtils.NO_AUTHORITIES;
} else {
//三个参数的，看这里！
Iterator var2 = authorities.iterator();
//原来是多个了添加权限信息的步骤
GrantedAuthority a;
do {
if (!var2.hasNext()) {
ArrayList<GrantedAuthority> temp = new ArrayList(authorities.size());
temp.addAll(authorities);
this.authorities = Collections.unmodifiableList(temp);
return;
}
a = (GrantedAuthority)var2.next();
} while(a != null);
//若没有权限信息，是会抛出异常的！
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Authorities collection cannot contain any null elements");
}
}
}
由此，咱们需要牢记自定义认证业务逻辑返回的UserDetails对象中一定要放置权限信息啊！
咱们回到最初的地方UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，你看好看了，这可是个过滤器，咱们分析这么久，都没提到doFilter方法，你不觉得心里不踏实？
可是这里面也没有doFilter呀？那就从父类找！
7. AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter
点开AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter，删掉不必要的代码！
public abstract class AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter extends GenericFilterBean implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware, MessageSourceAware {
//doFilter再次！
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest)req;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)res;
if (!this.requiresAuthentication(request, response)) {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Request is to process authentication");
}
Authentication authResult;
try {
authResult = this.attemptAuthentication(request, response);
if (authResult == null) {
return;
}
this.sessionStrategy.onAuthentication(authResult, request, response);
} catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException var8) {
this.logger.error("An internal error occurred while trying to authenticate the user.", var8);
this.unsuccessfulAuthentication(request, response, var8);
return;
} catch (AuthenticationException var9) {
this.unsuccessfulAuthentication(request, response, var9);
return;
}
if (this.continueChainBeforeSuccessfulAuthentication) {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
this.successfulAuthentication(request, response, chain, authResult);
}
}
protected boolean requiresAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
return this.requiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher.matches(request);
}
//成功走successfulAuthentication
protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, Authentication authResult) throws IOException, ServletException {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Authentication success. Updating SecurityContextHolder to
contain: " + authResult);
}
//认证成功，将认证信息存储到SecurityContext中！
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authResult);
//登录成功调用rememberMeServices
this.rememberMeServices.loginSuccess(request, response, authResult);
if (this.eventPublisher != null) {
this.eventPublisher.publishEvent(new
InteractiveAuthenticationSuccessEvent(authResult, this.getClass()));
}
this.successHandler.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authResult);
}
//失败走unsuccessfulAuthentication
protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException {
SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Authentication request failed: " + failed.toString(), failed);
this.logger.debug("Updated SecurityContextHolder to contain null Authentication");
this.logger.debug("Delegating to authentication failure handler " +
this.failureHandler);
}
this.rememberMeServices.loginFail(request, response);
this.failureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(request, response, failed);
}
}
可见AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter这个过滤器对于认证成功与否，做了两个分支，成功执行successfulAuthentication，失败执行unsuccessfulAuthentication。
在successfulAuthentication内部，将认证信息存储到了SecurityContext中。并调用了loginSuccess方法，这就是常见的“记住我”功能！此功能具体应用，咱们后续再研究！
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