kafka监听

1、引入依赖

maven

<dependencies>  
    <!-- Spring Boot Starter -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>  
    </dependency>  
    <!-- Spring Kafka -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>  
    </dependency>  
    <!-- Spring Boot Configuration Processor (Optional, for @ConfigurationProperties) -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>  
        <optional>true</optional>  
    </dependency>  
</dependencies>

gradle

<dependencies>  
    <!-- Spring Boot Starter -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>  
    </dependency>  
    <!-- Spring Kafka -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>  
    </dependency>  
    <!-- Spring Boot Configuration Processor (Optional, for @ConfigurationProperties) -->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>  
        <optional>true</optional>  
    </dependency>  
</dependencies>

2、配置文件

spring:  
  kafka:  
    bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092 # Kafka服务器地址  
    consumer:  
      group-id: my-group # 消费者组ID  
      auto-offset-reset: earliest # 如果Kafka中没有初始偏移量或者当前偏移量不存在，则从最早的记录开始消费  
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer # 键的反序列化器  
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer # 值的反序列化器  
    # 其他配置...

3、代码

1、普通监听

package com.example.kafkademo;  
  
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
  
@Component  
public class KafkaMessageListener {
   
     
  
    /**  
     * 监听Kafka消息  
     * @param message 接收到的消息  
     */  
    @KafkaListener(topics = "test-topic", groupId = "my-group")  
    public void listen(String message) {
   
     
        System.out.println("Received Message: " + message);  
        // 在这里处理接收到的消息  
    }  
}

2、订阅发布模式

Spring框架中的发布订阅模式是一种常用的设计模式，它在事件驱动架构中扮演着重要角色。这种模式通过解耦事件的发送者（发布者）和接收者（订阅者）来提高系统的灵活性和可扩展性。下面我将详细介绍Spring中发布订阅模式的用处及其应用场景。
发布订阅模式的基本概念
       ~~~~~~~