RSYNC服务

初始化服务器：必须要将时间同步

数据传送：

全量备份： scp是全量备份（小而多的文件打包然后使用scp传输）

​ -r：递归

​ -p：权限

全量备份：

增量备份：

差量备份：

详情请见个人博客：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42508901/article/details/100833961

rsync：增量备份

-a：不跳过目录

-v：显示详细内容

-z：压缩传送

–delete：相当于rm，但是必须要有一个空文件作为参照

–bwlimit=100：限制带宽

DNS域名解析：

阿里：223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6

谷歌：8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

114.114.114.114

关闭防火墙：

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl stop firewalld

关闭selinux防火墙：

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# geten
getenforce  getent
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# getenforce
Permissive——————————————————>关闭
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# setenforce 1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# getenforce
Enforcing————————————————>开启

永久关闭：在/etc/sysconfig/selinux	把enforcing改成disabled

对A—server服务端进行配置：

首先要把配置文件备份一下

[root@localhost ~]# cp -p /etc/rsyncd.conf{,.bak}

使用egrep查看配置文件内容

[root@localhost etc]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/rsyncd.conf

修改配置文件：

[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf

# /etc/rsyncd: configuration file for rsync daemon mode

# See rsyncd.conf man page for more options.

# configuration example:

 uid = root
 gid = root
 use chroot = no
 max connections = root
 pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
 exclude = lost+found/
# transfer logging = yes
 timeout = 300
# ignore nonreadable = yes
# dont compress   = *.gz *.tgz *.zip *.z *.Z *.rpm *.deb *.bz2
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
# [ftp]
#        path = /home/ftp
#        comment = ftp export area
[backup]
path = /backup/
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
hosts allow = 192.168.15.0/24
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password

添加虚拟用户且设置为不能登录：

[root@localhost etc]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin rsync

创建共享文件夹：

[root@localhost etc]# mkdir /backup

启动服务：

[root@localhost etc]# rsync --daemon

修改共享文件夹的属主属组：

[root@localhost etc]# chown -R rsync:rsync /backup/

修改共享文件夹的权限：

[root@localhost etc]# chmod -R 755 /backup/
[root@localhost etc]# ls -ld /backup/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 rsync rsync 6 Sep 15 11:01 /backup/

将虚拟用户的密码写进文件：

[root@localhost etc]# echo "rsync_backup:123456" > /etc/rsync.password

修改虚拟用户密码文件权限：——（必须修改，否则失败）

[root@localhost etc]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
[root@localhost etc]# ll /etc/rsync.password
-rw-------. 1 root root 20 Sep 15 11:05 /etc/rsync.password

修改/etc/rc.local文件：加入rsync服务为开机自启动：

[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
rsync --daemon

对B—客户端的进行配置：

将服务端虚拟用户密码写入/etc/rsync.password：

[root@localhost backup]# echo "123456" > /etc/rsync.password

修改密码文件权限：

[root@localhost backup]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password

进行传送文件：

[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz /root/———>客户端需要传送的文件 rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

将启动脚本放在/etc/init.d/命名文件。

从客户端往服务器端传文件：

[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz /backup/opt.tar.gz rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

从服务器端往回拉文件：

[root@localhost backup]#rsync -avz rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup/opt.tar.gz /backup/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

排除服务器端部分文件：

[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz --exclude-from=***	rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup /backup/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

***表示/root/exclude.txt（文件不限地点，但必须是全路径）里边的内容

–exclude=排除文件名称。

把服务器端的文件同步到客户端：

[root@localhost backup]# ls
opt.tar.gz  test
[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz --delete rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup /backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
receiving incremental file list
deleting test
./
file

sent 50 bytes  received 266 bytes  632.00 bytes/sec
total size is 3,565  speedup is 11.28
[root@localhost backup]# ls
file  opt.tar.gz

把客户端内容同步到服务器端：

[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz --delete /backup/ rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

不同步客户端的某个特定文件：

[root@localhost backup]# rsync -avz --delete --exclude=**  rsync_backup@192.168.15.111::backup /backup/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

将hosts文件同步到/opt目录下
rsync	/etc/hosts		/opt

将/opt目录拷贝到/mnt
rsync	-avz	/opt		/mnt
cp	-ap	/opt	/mnt

删除功能，相当于rm命令
rsync	-avz	--delete	/old	/tmp

对比文件是否相同，使用校验码：