并发编程精要-CSDN博客

并发和并行

并行：同时执行
并发：交替执行
进程和线程
进程：正在执行（main）
线程：main->(多个程序)
多线程的实现方式（3种）
1.继承Thread

package Thread;
//定义一个类MyThread继承Thread类
public class MyThread extends Thread{
//在MyThread类中重写run()方法
 public void run() {
  for(int i = 0;i<100;i++) {
   System.out.println(i);
  }
 }
}

package Thread;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
  //创建MyThread类的对象
  MyThread t1 = new MyThread();
  MyThread t2 = new MyThread();
  //启动线程
  t1.start();
  t2.start();
  }
}

2.实现Runnable接口

package Runnable

//定义一个类MyRunnable实现Runnable接口
public class MyRunnable implements Runnable{

//重写MyRunnable类中重写run()方法
 @Override
 public void run() {
 for(int i = 0;i<100;i++) {
   System.out.println(i);
           }
       }
   }

package Runnable;

public class Demo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //创建MyRunnable类的对象
    MyRunnable mr1 =  new MyRunnable();
    MyRunnable mr2 = new MyRunnable();
   
    //创建Thread类的对象，把MyRunnable对象作为构造方法的参数
    Thread t1 = new Thread(mr1);
    Thread t2 = new Thread(mr2);
  
    //启动线程
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
    }
}

3.实现callable接口

package Callable;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

public class MyCallable implements Callable<String>{

    public String call() throws Exception {
        for(int i = 0;i<100;i++) {
        System.out.println(i);
    }
    return "答应";
    }
}

package Callable;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

public class Demo {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
 
   MyCallable mc1 = new MyCallable();
   MyCallable mc2 = new MyCallable();
   
   FutureTask<String> ft1 = new FutureTask(mc1);
   FutureTask<String> ft2 = new FutureTask(mc2);
   
   Thread t1 = new Thread(ft1);  
   Thread t2 = new Thread(ft2);
   
   t1.start();
   t2.start();
   
   String s = ft1.get();
   System.out.println(s);
     }
}

线程类的常见方法
1.Thread方法-设置获取名字

t1.setName("aa");

2.Thread方法-获得线程对象

Thread.currentThread();//返回当前正在执行线程的对象引用

3.Thread方法-sleep

Thread.sleep(100);//100us

4.Thread方法-守护线程

daemonThread.setDaemon(true);

5.Thread方法-线程的优先级（3-10，5为默认值）

thread.setPriority(10)

6.Thread方法-线程的生命周期

线程的安全问题

同步代码块
同步方法

package MyRunnable;
public class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
 private static int ticketCount = 100;

 @Override
 public void run() {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  while(true) {
   if("窗口一".equals(Thread.currentThread().getName())) {
    //同步方法
    boolean result = synchronizedMthod();
    if(result) {
     break;
    }
   }
   if("窗口二".equals(Thread.currentThread().getName())) {
    //同步代码块
    synchronized (MyRunnable.class) {
     if(ticketCount == 0) {
      break;
     }else {
      try {
       Thread.sleep(10);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
       // TODO Auto-generated catch block
       e.printStackTrace();
      }
      ticketCount--;
      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖掉了第" + ticketCount + "张票");
           }
    }
   }
  }
 }
 
 private static synchronized boolean synchronizedMthod() {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  if(ticketCount == 0) {
   return true;
  } else {
     try {
    Thread.sleep(10);
   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
      ticketCount--;
   System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖掉了第" + ticketCount + "张票");
  }
    return false;
 }
 }