QT项目之记事本

本文用QT实现记事本功能。

一、成品展示

1.界面

主要元素：

        1.标题为MyNoteBook；

        2.相应图标为：打开文件，保存，退出；

        3.右下角标注光标所在行列，默认编码方式为UTF-8；

        4.鼠标所在图标位置时会有变暗，点击也有颜色响应。

2.打开文本

打开文本：

        1.打开文本后，标题会变为相关文件路径；

        2.显示文件内容；

        3.光标所在行列颜色变深；

        4.利用鼠标滚轮实现字体放大缩小功能。

3.保存文件

保存文件

        1.点击保存，输入文件名，保存。

4.关闭文件

关闭文件

        1.点击关闭，弹出如下，点击相关按键可实现保存，不保存，退出功能。

二、代码实现

1.字体放大缩小

void Widget::zoomIn()
{
    QFont font = ui->textEdit->font();
    int fontSize = font.pointSize();
    if(fontSize == -1) return; 

    int newFontSize = fontSize + 1;
    font.setPointSize(newFontSize);
    ui->textEdit->setFont(font);
}

void Widget::zoomOut()
{
    QFont font = ui->textEdit->font();

    int fontSize = font.pointSize();
    if(fontSize == -1) return;

    int newFontSize = fontSize - 1;
    font.setPointSize(newFontSize);
    ui->textEdit->setFont(font);
}
// 事件过滤器，用于处理滚轮事件
bool Widget::eventFilter(QObject *watched, QEvent *event)
{
    if(event->type() == QEvent::Wheel && QGuiApplication::keyboardModifiers() == Qt::ControlModifier)
    {
        QWheelEvent *wheelEvent = dynamic_cast<QWheelEvent*>(event);
        if(wheelEvent->angleDelta().y() > 0)
        {
            zoomIn(); 
        }
        else if(wheelEvent->angleDelta().y() < 0)
        {
            zoomOut(); 
        }
        return true; 
    }
    return false; }

2.打开文件

void Widget::on_btnFileOpen_clicked()
{
    QString fileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("Open File"), "D:/QT/", tr("Text (*.txt)"));

    ui->textEdit->clear();

    file.setFileName(fileName);

    if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
    {
        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("Failed to open file: %1").arg(fileName));
        return;
    }

    this->setWindowTitle(fileName + "- MyNoteBook"); 

    QTextStream in(&file);

    QString str = ui->comboBox->currentText();
    const char* c_str = str.toStdString().c_str();
    in.setCodec(c_str);

    while (!in.atEnd())
    {
        QString context = in.readLine();
        ui->textEdit->append(context);
    }

    file.close();
}

3.保存文件

void Widget::on_btnSave_clicked()
{
    if(!file.isOpen())
    {
        QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("Save File"), "D:/QT/untitled.txt", tr("Text (*.txt *.doc)"));

        file.setFileName(fileName);
        if(!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text | QIODevice::Truncate))
        {
            qDebug() << "file open error";
        }
        this->setWindowTitle(fileName + "- MyNoteBook"); 
    }
    else 
    {
        file.resize(0); 
    }

    QTextStream out(&file);
    QString str = ui->comboBox->currentText();
    const char* c_str = str.toStdString().c_str();
    out.setCodec(c_str);
    QString context = ui->textEdit->toPlainText();
    out << context;
}

4.关闭文件

void Widget::on_btnClose_clicked()
{
    int ret = QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("MyNoteBook Notice:"), tr("The document has been modified.\nDo you want to save your changes?"), QMessageBox::Save | QMessageBox::Discard | QMessageBox::Cancel, QMessageBox::Save);

    switch (ret) {
    case QMessageBox::Save: 
        on_btnSave_clicked();
        qDebug() << "QMessageBox::Save:";
        break;
    case QMessageBox::Discard:
        ui->textEdit->clear();
        if(file.isOpen()) {
            file.close();
            this->setWindowTitle("MyNoteBook");
        }
        qDebug() << "QMessageBox::Discard:";
        break;
    case QMessageBox::Cancel: 
        qDebug() << "QMessageBox::Cancel:";
        break;
    default: break;
    }
}

5.编码

void Widget::onCurrentIndexChanged(int index)
{
    qDebug() << "currentIndexChanged";
    ui->textEdit->clear(); // 清空TextEdit

    if(file.isOpen()) { // 如果文件已打开
        qDebug() << "file is Open";
        // 使用QTextStream重读文件内容
        QTextStream in(&file);
        in.setCodec(ui->comboBox->currentText().toStdString().c_str());
        file.seek(0); 
        while(!in.atEnd()) {
            QString context = in.readLine();
            ui->textEdit->append(context);
        }
    }
}

6.光标显示

void Widget::onCursorPositionChanged()
{
    QTextCursor cursor = ui->textEdit->textCursor();

    QString blockNum = QString::number(cursor.blockNumber() + 1);
    QString columnNum = QString::number(cursor.columnNumber() + 1);
    const QString labelMes = "L:" + blockNum + ",C:" + columnNum + "   ";
    ui->labelPosition->setText(labelMes); // 更新位置标签

    QList<QTextEdit::ExtraSelection> extraSelections;
    QTextEdit::ExtraSelection ext;

    ext.cursor = cursor;

    QBrush qBrush(Qt::lightGray);
    ext.format.setBackground(qBrush);

    ext.format.setProperty(QTextFormat::FullWidthSelection, true);

    extraSelections.append(ext);
    ui->textEdit->setExtraSelections(extraSelections);
}

三、剩余代码

构造析构函数：

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    ui->textEdit->installEventFilter(this);

    QShortcut *shortcutOpen = new QShortcut(QKeySequence(tr("Ctrl+O", "File|Open")), this);
    QShortcut *shortcutSave = new QShortcut(QKeySequence(tr("Ctrl+S", "File|Save")), this);
    QShortcut *shortcutZoomIn = new QShortcut(QKeySequence(tr("Ctrl+Shift+=", "File|Zoom In")), this); 
    QShortcut *shortcutZoomOut = new QShortcut(QKeySequence(tr("Ctrl+Shift+-", "File|Zoom Out")), this); 

    connect(shortcutOpen, &QShortcut::activated, [=](){
        on_btnFileOpen_clicked(); 
    });

    connect(shortcutSave, &QShortcut::activated, [=](){
        on_btnSave_clicked(); 
    });

    connect(shortcutZoomIn, &QShortcut::activated, [=](){
        zoomIn(); 
    });
    connect(shortcutZoomOut, &QShortcut::activated, [=](){
        zoomOut(); 
    });

    this->setLayout(ui->verticalLayout);

    connect(ui->comboBox, SIGNAL(currentIndexChanged(int)), this, SLOT(onCurrentIndexChanged(int)));

    connect(ui->textEdit, SIGNAL(cursorPositionChanged()), this, SLOT(onCursorPositionChanged()));
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}