bean的自动装配

手动装配

dao层

• com.jepcc.demo.dao.UserDao

package com.jepcc.demo.dao;

public interface UserDao {
    void getUser();
}

• com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl

package com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl;

import com.jepcc.demo.dao.UserDao;

public class MysqlUserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void getUser() {
        System.out.println("Mysql user dao");
    }
}

• com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.OrcaleUserDaoImpl

package com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl;

import com.jepcc.demo.dao.UserDao;

public class OrcaleUserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void getUser() {
        System.out.println("Orcale user dao");
    }
}

service层

• com.jepcc.demo.service.UserService

package com.jepcc.demo.service;

public interface UserService {
    void getUser();
}

• com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl

package com.jepcc.demo.service.impl;

import com.jepcc.demo.dao.UserDao;
import com.jepcc.demo.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    @Override
    public void getUser() {
        userDao.getUser();
    }
}

测试类Test

• com.jepcc.demo.test.Test

package com.jepcc.demo.test;

import com.jepcc.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
        UserService service = (UserService) context.getBean("service");
        service.getUser();
    }
}

bean配置文件config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="mysqlUserDao" class="com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="service" class="com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="mysqlUserDao"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试验证

自动装配

bean的自动装配，是为了简化spring配置。

局部装配

通过bean的autowire属性来指定装配方式，autowire属性有四个值，分别是

• no
• byName
• byType
• constructor

no，默认值，即不使用自动装配

byName，通过名称实现自动装配

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="service" class="com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="byName">
    </bean>
</beans>

byType，通过类型实现自动装配

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean class="com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="service" class="com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="byType">
    </bean>
</beans>

constructor，类似于byType，即通过构造器实例化bean对象。

• com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl

package com.jepcc.demo.service.impl;

import com.jepcc.demo.dao.UserDao;
import com.jepcc.demo.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;

    public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void getUser() {
        userDao.getUser();
    }
}

• config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean class="com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="service" class="com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="constructor">
    </bean>
</beans>

全局装配

通过头部的default-autowire属性来指定自动装配方式。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" default-autowire="byName">
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.jepcc.demo.dao.impl.MysqlUserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="service" class="com.jepcc.demo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
    </bean>
</beans>