MySQL中反引号的用法

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已于 2022-04-05 12:35:13 修改

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分类专栏： SQL 文章标签： mysql

于 2022-04-05 12:32:07 首次发布

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本文详细解释了在MySQL中如何使用反引号`来区分保留字，并举例说明了在遇到SQL保留字作为字段名时的正确用法，强调了良好建表习惯的重要性。

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反引号（`）：一般在ESC键的下方，或者数字1左边

作用：是为了区分MySQL的保留字与普通字符而引入的符号。

注意：有MySQL保留字作为字段的，必须加上反引号来区分！！！

所谓的保留字就是select database insert 这一类数据库的sql指令，当我们不得已要拿他们来做表名和字段名的时候我们必须要加反引号来避免编译器把这部分认为是保留字而产生错误。

例如：SELECT `select` FROM `test` WHERE select=’字段值’
在test表中，有个select字段，如果不用反引号，MySQL将把select视为保留字而导致出错，所以，有MySQL保留字作为字段的，必须加上反引号来区分。

建表语句中加反引号只是作一个保险，也是一个良好的sql建表习惯。

网上整理的MySQL保留字列表：

accessible	else	localtime	schemas
add	elseif	localtimestamp	second_microsecond
all	enclosed	lock	select
alter	escaped	long	sensitive
analyze	exists	longblob	separator
and	exit	longtext	set
as	explain	loop	show
asc	fetch	low_priority	signal
asensitive	float	master_bind	smallint
before	float4	master_ssl_verify_server_cert	spatial
between	float8	match	specific
bigint	for	maxvalue	sql
binary	force	mediumblob	sql_big_result
blob	foreign	mediumint	sql_calc_found_rows
both	from	mediumtext	sql_small_result
by	fulltext	middleint	sqlexception
call	get	minute_microsecond	sqlstate
cascade	grant	minute_second	sqlwarning
case	group	mod	ssl
change	having	modifies	starting
char	high_priority	natural	straight_join
character	hour_microsecond	no_write_to_binlog	table
check	hour_minute	not	terminated
collate	hour_second	null	then
column	if	numeric	tinyblob
condition	ignore	on	tinyint
constraint	in	optimize	tinytext
continue	index	option	to
convert	infile	optionally	trailing
create	inner	or	trigger
cross	inout	order	undo
current_date	insensitive	out	union
current_time	insert	outer	unique
current_timestamp	int	outfile	unlock
current_user	int1	partition	unsigned
cursor	int2	precision	update
database	int3	primary	usage
databases	int4	procedure	use
day_hour	int8	purge	using
day_microsecond	integer	range	utc_date
day_minute	interval	read	utc_time
day_second	into	read_write	utc_timestamp
dec	io_after_gtids	reads	values
decimal	io_before_gtids	real	varbinary
declare	is	references	varchar
default	iterate	regexp	varcharacter
delayed	join	release	varying
delete	key	rename	when
desc	keys	repeat	where
describe	kill	replace	while
deterministic	leading	require	with
distinct	leave	resignal	write
distinctrow	left	restrict	xor
div	like	return	year_month
double	limit	revoke	zerofill
drop	linear	right
dual	lines	rlike
each	load	schema