【opencv函数】阈值处理函数threshold()详解

数字图像处理中，阈值操作占有非常重要的地位，例如图像的二值化可以使图像中数据量大为减少，从而能凸显出目标的轮廓。opencv中提供了函数cv::threshold()用于图像的阈值操作。

函数原型

double cv::threshold(InputArray src, OutputArray dst, double thres, double maxval, int type)

参数说明

src：源图像，可以为8位的灰度图，也可以为32位的彩色图像；

dst：输出图像；

thresh：阈值；

maxval：二值图像中灰度最大值；

type：阈值操作类型，具体的阈值操作实现如下图所示：

测试代码

	//全局二值化
	int th = 100;
	cv::Mat threshold1, threshold2, threshold3, threshold4, threshold5, threshold6, threshold7, threshold8;
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold1, th, 255, cv::THRESH_BINARY);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold2, th, 255, cv::THRESH_BINARY_INV);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold3, th, 255, cv::THRESH_TRUNC);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold4, th, 255, cv::THRESH_TOZERO);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold5, th, 255, cv::THRESH_TOZERO_INV);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold7, th, 255, cv::THRESH_OTSU);
	cv::threshold(gray, threshold8, th, 255, cv::THRESH_TRIANGLE);
	cv::imshow("gray", gray);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_BINARY", threshold1);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_BINARY_INV", threshold2);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_TRUNC", threshold3);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_TOZERO", threshold4);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_TOZERO_INV", threshold5);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_OTSU", threshold7);
	cv::imshow("THRESH_TRIANGLE", threshold8);

测试结果对比

原灰度图
THRESH_BINARY
THRESH_BINARY_INV
THRESH_TRUNC
THRESH_TOZERO
THRESH_TOZERO_INV
THRESH_OTSU
THRESH_TRIANGLE

参考：

OpenCV threshold函数详解_Leenux0810的博客-CSDN博客_opencv threshold