PAT (Advanced Level) 1073. Scientific Notation (20) 科学计数法

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-15 21:49:55 发布

tuzigg123

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-15 21:49:55 发布

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分类专栏： PAT(Advanced Level) 文章标签： PAT Advanced Level 1074 Scientific Notation

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本文介绍了一种将科学计数法表示的数字转换为常规计数法的方法，并提供了一个具体的C++实现方案。该方案能够处理非常大或非常小的数字，确保所有有效数字都被保留。

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Scientific notation is the way that scientists easily handle very large numbers or very small numbers. The notation matches the regular expression [+-][1-9]"."[0-9]+E[+-][0-9]+ which means that the integer portion has exactly one digit, there is at least one digit in the fractional portion, and the number and its exponent's signs are always provided even when they are positive.

Now given a real number A in scientific notation, you are supposed to print A in the conventional notation while keeping all the significant figures.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, there is one line containing the real number A in scientific notation. The number is no more than 9999 bytes in length and the exponent's absolute value is no more than 9999.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the input number A in the conventional notation, with all the significant figures kept, including trailing zeros,

Sample Input 1:

+1.23400E-03

Sample Output 1:

0.00123400

Sample Input 2:

-1.2E+10

Sample Output 2:

-12000000000

提取底数有效位的字符串，提取指数并进行分类讨论。

/*2015.7.29cyq*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

int toInt(string s){
	stringstream ss;
	ss<<s.substr(1);
	int a;
	ss>>a;
	if(s[0]=='-')
		a=-a;
	return a;
}

int main(){
	string s;
	cin>>s;
	int n=s.size();
	int i=0;
	bool flag=true;
	if(s[i]=='+')
		i++;
	else if(s[i]=='-'){
		flag=false;
		i++;
	}
	string base;//有效数字字符串
	while(i<n&&s[i]!='E'){
		if(s[i]!='.'){
			base+=s[i];
		}
		i++;
	}

	i++;//此时i所在位置为指数的符号'+'或'-'
	int exp=toInt(s.substr(i));	//指数
	int len=base.size();

	if(!flag)
		cout<<"-";
	if(exp<=0){//前面补0和'.'
		string tmp(-exp,'0');
		tmp=tmp+base;
		tmp.insert(1,1,'.');
		cout<<tmp;
	}else if(exp==len-1){
		cout<<base;
	}else if(exp<len-1){//插入'.'
		base.insert(exp+1,1,'.');
		cout<<base;
	}else{//后面补0
		string tmp(exp-(len-1),'0');
		base=base+tmp;
		cout<<base;
	}
	return 0;
}