前言
nginx+tomcat 部署实现负载均衡原理:
nginx作为代理服务器,可以转发多个tomcat服务器,实现负载均衡。
一、工具准备
二、Tomcat配置
1. 解压两个tomcat,apache-tomcat-8.5_8585和apache-tomcat-8.5_8686, 修改tomcat的三个端口:
(1)apache-tomcat-8.5_8585:
<Server port="8555" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
...
<Connector port="8585" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
...
<Connector port="8559" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
(2)修改index.jsp(apache-tomcat-8.5_8585\webapps\ROOT\index.jsp), 运行起来:
(3)apache-tomcat-8.5_8686:
<Server port="8665" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
...
<Connector port="8686" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
...
<Connector port="8669" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
(4)修改index.jsp(apache-tomcat-8.5_8686\webapps\ROOT\index.jsp), 运行起来:
三、Nginx配置
1.nginx.conf(../nginx-1.13.12/conf)配置文件:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;#工作进程的个数,一般与计算机的cpu核数一致
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;#单个进程最大连接数(最大连接数=连接数*进程数)
}
http {
include mime.types;#文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
default_type application/octet-stream;#默认文件类型
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;#开启高效文件传输模式,sendfile指令指定nginx是否调用sendfile函数来输出文件,对于普通应用设为on,如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘IO重负载应用,可设置为off,以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度,降低系统的负载。注意:如果图片显示不正常把这个改成off。
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;#长连接超时时间,单位是秒
#gzip on;#启用Gizp压缩
#服务器的集群*
upstream nginxDemo { #服务器集群名字:nginxDemo
server 127.0.0.1:8585 weight=1;#服务器配置weight是权重的意思,权重越大,分配的概率越大。
server 127.0.0.1:8686 weight=2;
}
#当前的Nginx的配置*
server {
listen 80;#监听80端口,可以改成其他端口
server_name localhost;#当前服务的域名 (即浏览器直接访问的URL,如果请求为loaclhost:80,则交给下面的(proxy_pass)的反向代理地址)
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://nginxDemo;#配置反向代理地址,名字要与服务器集群名字(nginxDemo)一致
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
2. 配置完成,启动Nginx:
(1)cmd命令启动:
(2)直接点击nginx.exe(../nginx-1.13.12/)
(3)启动成功:
(4)浏览器输入localhost:80/index.jsp查看效果(默认端口为80,可不填):
(5)刷新,再次请求:
(6)两个Tomcat会来回调用,每个Tomcat调用的频率由weight确定,数值也大,访问次数的频率越大: