这篇博客探讨了Java中继承和多态的概念。首先，解释了当子类调用默认构造器时，如何引发父类构造器的调用。接着，指出所有关于继承的四种陈述都是错误的，包括子类扩展超类、显式调用构造器、重写方法的条件等。然后，展示了错误的代码示例，说明了构造器、成员变量初始化和方法重写时的常见问题。最后，讨论了覆盖`toString()`和`equals()`方法的重要性，它们在子类中通常被重写以提供特定对象的详细信息。
Chapter 9 Inheritance and Polymorphism
1. (a) The printout is
A’s no-arg constructor is invoked
(b) The default constructor of B attempts to invoke the default of constructor of
A, but class A's default constructor is not defined.
2. All false.
(1) A subclass is an extension of a superclass and normally contains more details
information than its superclass.
(2) If a subclass’s constructor explicitly invoke a superclass’s constructor, the
superclass’s no-arg constructor is not invoked.
(3) You can only override accessible instance methods.
(4) You can only override accessible instance methods.
3. The following lines are erroneous:
{
radius = radius; // Must use this.radius = radius
}
class B extends Circle (missing extends)
{
Circle(radius); // Must use super(radius)
length = length; // Must use this.length = length
}
public double getArea()
{
return getArea()*length; // super.getArea()
}
4. Method overloading defines methods of the same name in a class. Method
overriding modifies the methods that are defined in the superclasses.
5. Yes, because these two methods are defined in the Object class; therefore, they
are available to all Java classes. The subclasses usually override these methods to
provide specific information for these methods.
The toString() method returns a string representation of the object; the equals()
method compares the contents of two objects to determine whether they are the
same.
6. B’s constructor is invoked
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