python使用变量需要初始化吗_在python中“初始化”变量？

我知道你已经接受了另一个答案，但我认为更广泛的问题需要解决-适合当前语言的编程风格。

是的，Python中不需要“初始化”，但是您所做的不是

初始化。它只是对其他语言中的初始化的不完全和错误的模仿。在静态类型语言中初始化的重要一点是指定变量的性质。

在Python中，与在其他语言中一样，在使用变量之前，您确实需要给出它们的值。但是，在函数开始时给它们值并不重要，如果你给的值与它们以后收到的值无关，那就错了。这不是“初始化”，而是“重用”。

我将对您的代码做一些注释和更正：def main():

# doc to define the function

# proper Python indentation

# document significant variables, especially inputs and outputs

# grade_1, grade_2, grade_3, average - id these

# year - id this

# fName, lName, ID, converted_ID

infile = open("studentinfo.txt", "r")

# you didn't 'intialize' this variable

data = infile.read()

# nor this

fName, lName, ID, year = data.split(",")

# this will produce an error if the file does not have the right number of strings

# 'year' is now a string, even though you 'initialized' it as 0

year = int(year)

# now 'year' is an integer

# a language that requires initialization would have raised an error

# over this switch in type of this variable.

# Prompt the user for three test scores

grades = eval(input("Enter the three test scores separated by a comma: "))

# 'eval' ouch!

# you could have handled the input just like you did the file input.

grade_1, grade_2, grade_3 = grades

# this would work only if the user gave you an 'iterable' with 3 values

# eval() doesn't ensure that it is an iterable

# and it does not ensure that the values are numbers.

# What would happen with this user input: "'one','two','three',4"?

# Create a username

uName = (lName[:4] + fName[:2] + str(year)).lower()

converted_id = ID[:3] + "-" + ID[3:5] + "-" + ID[5:]

# earlier you 'initialized' converted_ID

# initialization in a static typed language would have caught this typo

# pseudo-initialization in Python does not catch typos

....