Debian12 在线方式部署 Jenkins

官方文档

https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/installing/linux/#debianubuntuhttps://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/installing/linux/#debianubuntu

添加软件源

为了安装最新稳定版的 Jenkins ，这里添加官方的软件源进行安装

# 下载密钥
wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key

# 添加软件源
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc]" https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null

安装

自从 2.346.1 版本开始 Jenkins 支持 Java17 版本的运行环境，因此这里我也安装了 openjdk17 作为 Jenkins 的运行环境

apt update && apt install fontconfig openjdk-17-jdk -y && apt install jenkins -y

配置

因为我的 Jenkins 版本使用的是 Java17 版本的运行环境，但我的代码编译使用的是 Java8 版本的运行环境，因此为了保证 Jenkins 的正常运行，我在 Jenkins 的 service 服务文件中指定了 JAVA_HOME 变量的值为 openjdk17 的安装目录

# service 服务文件默认位置
vim /lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service

# 找到 JAVA_HOME 行进行修改
Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64"

# 重新加载服务文件并重启 Jenkins
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart jenkins.service

反向代理

不配置反向代理的情况下可以直接通过 Jenkins 的监听端口进行访问，如 http://localhost:8080。

通过使用 nginx 进行反向代理可以实现静态资源与后端分离提高运行性能，所以这里我在 Jenkins 所运行的服务器又安装了 nginx ，在线安装 nginx 的方式可参考文章：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_70520101/article/details/151075856?spm=1011.2415.3001.10575&sharefrom=mp_manage_linkhttps://blog.csdn.net/weixin_70520101/article/details/151075856?spm=1011.2415.3001.10575&sharefrom=mp_manage_linknginx 配置内容如下，server_name 我配置了内网域名，根据自己的实际情况进行调整，如果不配置域名可直接使用 IP 进行访问

upstream jenkins {
    keepalive 32; # keepalive connections
    server 127.0.0.1:8080; # jenkins ip and port
}

# Required for Jenkins websocket agents
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
    default upgrade;
    '' close;
}

server {
    listen          80;
    server_name     jenkins.example.com;

    # this is the jenkins web root directory
    # (mentioned in the output of "systemctl cat jenkins")
    root            /var/cache/jenkins/war/;

    access_log      /var/log/nginx/jenkins.access.log;
    error_log       /var/log/nginx/jenkins.error.log;

    # pass through headers from Jenkins that Nginx considers invalid
    ignore_invalid_headers off;

    location ~ "^\/static\/[0-9a-fA-F]{8}\/(.*)$" {
        # rewrite all static files into requests to the root
        # E.g /static/12345678/css/something.css will become /css/something.css
        rewrite "^\/static\/[0-9a-fA-F]{8}\/(.*)" /$1 last;
    }

    location /userContent {
        # have nginx handle all the static requests to userContent folder
        # note : This is the $JENKINS_HOME dir
        root /var/lib/jenkins/;
        if (!-f $request_filename){
            # this file does not exist, might be a directory or a /**view** url
            rewrite (.*) /$1 last;
            break;
        }
        sendfile on;
    }

    location / {
        sendfile off;
        proxy_pass         http://jenkins;
        proxy_redirect     default;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;

        # Required for Jenkins websocket agents
        proxy_set_header   Connection        $connection_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header   Upgrade           $http_upgrade;

        proxy_set_header   Host              $http_host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP         $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

        #this is the maximum upload size
        client_max_body_size       100m;
        client_body_buffer_size    128k;

        proxy_connect_timeout      90;
        proxy_send_timeout         90;
        proxy_read_timeout         90;
        proxy_request_buffering    off; # Required for HTTP CLI commands
    }

}

配置完成后检测配置是否正确并加载配置文件使其生效

nginx -t && nginx -s reload

之后就可通过配置的域名或服务器 IP 进行访问 Jenkins 控制台