Python程序：调用摄像头同时识别摄像头中心处的物体的颜色和形状，若中心处有二维码则扫描之并跳转页面

import cv2
import numpy as np
from pyzbar import pyzbar
import webbrowser

# 颜色阈值定义（HSV格式）
color_ranges = {
    "red": ([0, 100, 100], [10, 255, 255]),
    "green": ([40, 50, 50], [80, 255, 255]),
    "blue": ([100, 50, 50], [130, 255, 255]),
    "yellow": ([20, 100, 100], [40, 255, 255])
}

def detect_color(hsv_img):
    """识别中心区域颜色"""
    h, w = hsv_img.shape[:2]
    center_roi = hsv_img[h//2-10:h//2+10, w//2-10:w//2+10]
    avg_hsv = np.mean(center_roi, axis=(0,1))
    
    for color_name, (lower, upper) in color_ranges.items():
        if lower[0] <= avg_hsv[0] <= upper[0]:
            return color_name
    return "undefined"

def detect_shape(contour):
    """识别图形形状"""
    peri = cv2.arcLength(contour, True)
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(contour, 0.04 * peri, True)
    
    if len(approx) == 3:
        return "triangle"
    elif len(approx) == 4:
        x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(approx)
        aspect_ratio = w / float(h)
        return "square" if 0.95 <= aspect_ratio <= 1.05 else "rectangle"
    elif len(approx) > 4:
        return "circle"
    return "undefined"

def main():
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
    
    while True:
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if not ret:
            break

        # 二维码扫描
        barcodes = pyzbar.decode(frame)
        for barcode in barcodes:
            url = barcode.data.decode("utf-8")
            webbrowser.open(url)
            cv2.putText(frame, "Redirecting...", (30, 50), 
                       cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 1, (0, 255, 0), 2)

        # 中心区域处理
        hsv = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
        color_result = detect_color(hsv)
        
        # 形状识别
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
        blurred = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (5,5), 0)
        edges = cv2.Canny(blurred, 50, 150)
        contours, _ = cv2.findContours(edges, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        
        shape_result = "undefined shape"
        if contours:
            max_contour = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
            shape_result = detect_shape(max_contour)

        # 绘制中心区域和显示结果
        h, w = frame.shape[:2]
        cv2.rectangle(frame, (w//2-20, h//2-20), 
                     (w//2+20, h//2+20), (0, 255, 0), 2)
        cv2.putText(frame, f"Color: {color_result}", (10, h-60),
                   cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.7, (0, 255, 255), 2)
        cv2.putText(frame, f"Shape: {shape_result}", (10, h-30),
                   cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.7, (255, 0, 0), 2)

        cv2.imshow("Smart Camera", frame)
        
        if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
            break

    cap.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()