VRF间流量转发

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-10 10:30:19 发布

wuhao0015

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-10 10:30:19 发布

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本文详细记录了三种实现VRF间路由泄露的方法及其测试效果。通过静态泄露、RT相互导入和策略路由的方式，实现了不同VRF间的网络可达性，为多VRF环境下网络通信提供了解决方案。

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实验拓扑：

在这里插入图片描述

初始配置

R1:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip vrf forwarding vrf1
 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
 ip vrf forwarding vrf2
 ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
!

PC1:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.254

PC2:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.254

方式一：静态泄漏

R1:

ip route vrf vrf1 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Ethernet0/1 192.168.2.1
ip route vrf vrf2 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Ethernet0/0 192.168.1.1

方式一测试

R1#show ip route vrf vrf1

Routing Table: vrf1
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L        192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
S     192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1, Ethernet0/1
R1#show ip route vrf vrf2

Routing Table: vrf2
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

S     192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1, Ethernet0/0
      192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L        192.168.2.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
R1#

PC1#ping 192.168.2.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PC1#ping 192.168.2.254
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.254, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PC1#traceroute 192.168.2.254
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.2.254
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
  1 192.168.1.254 1 msec 0 msec 0 msec
  2 192.168.2.1 1 msec 0 msec 0 msec
  3 192.168.2.254 1 msec *  1 msec
PC1#

方式二：RT相互导入

R1：

ip vrf vrf1
 rd 1:1
 route-target export 1:1
 route-target import 1:1
 route-target import 2:1
!
ip vrf vrf2
 rd 2:1
 route-target export 2:1
 route-target import 2:1
 route-target import 1:1
!
router bgp 1
 bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 !
 address-family ipv4 vrf vrf1
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
 !        
 address-family ipv4 vrf vrf2
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
!

查看

R1#show ip route vrf vrf1
Routing Table: vrf1
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L        192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
      192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
B        192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected (vrf2), 00:00:17, Ethernet0/1
L        192.168.2.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
R1#show ip route vrf vrf2
Routing Table: vrf2
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
B        192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected (vrf1), 00:00:34, Ethernet0/0
L        192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
      192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L        192.168.2.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
R1#
R1#show ip bgp vpnv4 all 
BGP table version is 5, local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 1:1 (default for vrf vrf1)
 *>  192.168.1.0      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 ?
 *>  192.168.2.0      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 ?
Route Distinguisher: 2:1 (default for vrf vrf2)
 *>  192.168.1.0      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 ?
 *>  192.168.2.0      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 ?
R1#

方式二测试

PC1#ping 192.168.2.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PC1#ping 192.168.2.254
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.254, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PC1#traceroute 192.168.2.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.2.1
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
  1 192.168.1.254 1 msec 0 msec 0 msec
  2 192.168.2.1 1 msec *  1 msec
PC1#traceroute 192.168.2.254
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.2.254
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
  1 192.168.1.254 0 msec *  1 msec
PC1#

方式三：策略路由

ip access-list extended vrf1-to-vrf2
 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
ip access-list extended vrf2-to-vrf1
 permit ip 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
!
!
route-map vrf1-to-vrf2 permit 10
 match ip address vrf1-to-vrf2
 set ip vrf vrf2 next-hop 192.168.2.1
!
route-map vrf2-to-vrf1 permit 10
 match ip address vrf2-to-vrf1
 set ip vrf vrf1 next-hop 192.168.1.1
！
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip vrf forwarding vrf1
 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
 ip policy route-map vrf1-to-vrf2
!
interface Ethernet0/1
 ip vrf forwarding vrf2
 ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
 ip policy route-map vrf2-to-vrf1
!

方式三测试

PC1#ping 192.168.2.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PC1#
PC1#traceroute 192.168.2.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.2.1
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
  1 192.168.1.254 0 msec 1 msec 0 msec
  2 192.168.2.1 0 msec *  1 msec
PC1#