oracle取出每组中的第一条记录

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-04 18:28:24 发布

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使用窗口函数ROW_NUMBER()配合PARTITION BY和ORDER BY，从table1中按type分组并按time排序，选取每组的第一条记录。

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SELECT * FROM(
SELECT t.type , t.money ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY t.type ORDER BY t.time) AS temp
FROM table1 t
)
WHERE temp =1;

这里涉及到的over()是oracle的分析函数

参考sql reference文档：

Analytic functions compute an aggregate value based on a group of rows. They differ from aggregate functions in that they return multiple rows for each group.

Analytic functions are the last set of operations performed in a query except for the final ORDER BY clause. All joins and all WHERE , GROUP BY , and HAVING clauses are completed before the analytic functions are processed. Therefore, analytic functions can appear only in the select list or ORDER BY clause.

语法结构：

analytic_function ([ arguments ]) OVER

(analytic_clause)

其中analytic_clause结构包括：

[ query_partition_clause ]

[ order_by_clause [ windowing_clause ] ]

也就是：函数名（ [ 参数 ] ） over（ [ 分区子句 ] [ 排序子句 [ 滑动窗口子句 ] ]）

这里PARTITION BY 引导的分区子句类似于聚组函数中的group by，排序子句可看成是select语句中的order by.