JDK8-collector收集器与集合统计相关

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-18 22:47:43 发布

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#java

文章详细介绍了JavaStreamAPI中的Collectors工具类，包括collect方法的不同重载形式，如toList、toCollection、toMap等收集器的使用，以及joining函数用于字符串连接，partitioningBy进行条件分组，groupingBy进行数据分组和统计功能。这些内容展示了如何高效地处理和转换数据集合。

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collect 收集器

collect()方法的作用

<R> R collect(Supplier<R> supplier, BiConsumer<R,?super T> accumulator, BiConsumer<R, R>combiner);//重载方法二<R, A> R collect(Collector<?super T, A, R> collector);

收集器，也是一个接口，他的工具类 Collectors提供了很多工厂方法，可以深入了解一下

工具类，提供了很多常见的收集器实现

Collectors.toList()

publicstatic<T> Collector<T,?, List<T>>toList(){returnnewCollectorImpl<>((Supplier<List<T>>)
    ArrayList::new, List::add,(left, right)->{
    left.addAll(right);return left;}, CH_ID);}

ArrayList::new,创建一个ArrayList作为累加器

List::add对流中元素操作，就是直接添加到累加器中

reduce，对子任务归集结果addAll，后一个子任务的结果全部添加到前一个子任务的结果中

CH_ID是一个unmodifiableSet集合

Collectors.toCollection()：用于自定义实现Collection的数据结构手机

Collectors.toCollection(LinkedList::new)

Collectors.toCollection(CopyOnWriteArrayList::new)

Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new)

publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){
        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("aaa","bbb","ccc","aaa");//toList
        List<String> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toList());
        list.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedList::new));
        list.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));
        list.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(CopyOnWriteArrayList::new));//toSet 去重
        Set<String> set = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));//toMap
        List<User> userList = Arrays.asList(newUser(1,"A","22",21,88.5),newUser(2,"B","22",23,85.0));
        Map<String,Double> map = userList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getName,User::getFraction));
        System.out.println(map);
        Map<Integer,User> userMap = userList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getId, Function.identity()));
        System.out.println(userMap);}

Joining函数

该函数可以将stream得到一个字符串，是用来拼接的，joining函数接受的三个参数分别是元素之间的连接符、前缀和后缀。

方法代码：

publicstatic Collector<CharSequence,?, String>joining(){returnnewCollectorImpl<CharSequence, StringBuilder, String>(
    StringBuilder::new, StringBuilder::append,(r1, r2)->{ r1.append(r2);return r1;},
    StringBuilder::toString, CH_NOID);}

三种重载的方法：

//3种重载⽅方法
Collectors.joining()
Collectors.joining("param")
Collectors.joining("param1","param2","param3")

测试代码：

publicclassMain{publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){
        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd");
        String result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining());
        System.out.println(result);//aaabbbcccddd

        String result2 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(","));
        System.out.println(result2);//aaa,bbb,ccc,ddd

        String result3 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(",","<",">"));
        System.out.println(result3);//<aaa,bbb,ccc,ddd>}}

partitioningBy分组

Collectors.partitioningBy 分组，返回Map集合，key是boolean类型

以下为测试代码

publicclassMain{publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){
        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(10,100,500,5,20,3);//import java.util.stream.Collectors;
        Map<Boolean, List<Integer>> map1 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(obj->obj>50));
        System.out.println(map1);//import static java.util.stream.Collectors.*; 导入静态方法
        Map<Boolean, List<Integer>> map2 = list.stream().collect(partitioningBy(obj->obj>50));
        System.out.println(map2);

        List<Student> studentList = Arrays.asList(newStudent(1,"L",80),newStudent(2,"M",100),newStudent(3,"N",90),newStudent(4,"Q",50));//找出分数及格的学生集合
        Map<Boolean,List<Student>> listMap = studentList.stream().collect(partitioningBy(obj->obj.getFraction()>60));
        List<Student> students = listMap.get(true);
        System.out.println(students.toString());}}

group by 分组

分组：Collectors.groupingBy()

publicclassMain{publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){
        List<Student> studentList = Arrays.asList(newStudent(1,"L",80),newStudent(2,"M",100),newStudent(3,"N",100),newStudent(4,"Q",60));//找出分数为100的学生集合
        Map<Integer,List<Student>> listMap = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getFraction));
        List<Student> students = listMap.get(100);
        System.out.println(students.toString());
        students.forEach(key -> System.out.println(key.getName()));}}

分组统计： Collectors.counting()统计元素个数

方法代码：

publicstatic<T, K, A, D> Collector<T,?, Map<K, D>>groupingBy(Function<?super T,?extendsK> classifier,Collector<?super T, A, D> downstream){returngroupingBy(classifier, HashMap::new, downstream);}

测试代码：

publicclassMain{publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){
        List<Student> studentList = Arrays.asList(newStudent(1,"L",80),newStudent(2,"M",100),newStudent(3,"N",100),newStudent(4,"Q",60));//统计各分段的人数
        Map<Integer, Long> map = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getFraction,Collectors.counting()));
        map.forEach((key,value)-> System.out.println("分数："+key+" "+value));}}