搭建Django框架
1 基本搭建
1 创建一个文件夹
mkdir mytest
2 在文件夹里面创建一个项目
Django-admin startproject mysite
3 在里面创建一个应用
python3.6 manage.py startapp myweb
2 执行数据库连接配置
1 编辑init文件,添加Pymysql的数据库
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
2 进入setting配置文件,进行修改
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'mytest', #写上创建的应用名
]
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'mydb', #写上库名
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '123456',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '3306',
}
#此处添加自己的IP地址
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['192.168.2.240']
3 配置路由
1 配置主路由(第一层路径正则筛选)
from django.conf.urls import include,url
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^mytest/', include('mytest.urls')),
]
2 配置应用路由(第二层路径筛选)(必须要有相对应的视图)
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index, name="index"),
]
4 编写相对应的视图
写相对于应用路由的视图
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from mytest.models import Users
def index(request): ###命名一定是路由的命名
try:
s = Users.objects.get(id=1)
return HttpResponse(s)
except:
return HttpResponse("没有找到对应的信息！")
5 测试
python3.6 manage.py sunserver 0:8000
数据库的增删改查
1 视图
视图的填写
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from mytest.models import Users
def index(request):
try:
list = Users.objects.filter(id__in=[1,3,5])
s = ','.join([vo.name for vo in list])
#修改(将id值为5的age值改为30)
#ob = Users.objects.get(id=5)
#ob.age = 30
#ob.save()
#删除(删除id为3的信息)
#ob = Users.objects.get(id=3)
#ob.delete()
return HttpResponse(s)
except:
return HttpResponse("没有找到对应的信息！")
# 浏览用户信息
def indexUsers(request):
# 执行数据查询，并放置到模板中
list = Users.objects.all()
context = {"stulist":list}
return render(request,"mytest/users/index.html",context)
# 加载添加信息表单
def addUsers(request):
return render(request,"mytest/users/add.html")
# 执行信息添加操作
def insertUsers(request):
try:
ob = Users()
ob.name = request.POST['name']
ob.age = request.POST['age']
ob.phone = request.POST['phone']
ob.save()
context = {'info':'添加成功！'}
except:
context = {'info':'添加失败！'}
return render(request,"mytest/users/info.html",context)
# 执行信息删除操作
def delUsers(request,uid):
try:
ob = Users.objects.get(id=uid)
ob.delete()
#重定向到信息浏览页
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("users"))
#同上重定向跳转的简写 return redirect(reverse("users"))
except:
context = {'info':'删除失败！'}
return render(request,"mytest/users/info.html",context)
# 加载信息编辑表单
def editUsers(request,uid):
try:
ob = Users.objects.get(id=uid)
context = {'user':ob}
return render(request,"mytest/users/edit.html",context)
except:
context = {'info':'没有找到要修改的信息！'}
return render(request,"mytest/users/info.html",context)
# 执行信息编辑操作
def usersupdate(request,uid):
try:
ob = Users.objects.get(id=uid)
ob.username = request.POST['username']
ob.name = request.POST['name']
ob.passwd = request.POST['passwd']
ob.sex = request.POST['sex']
ob.address = request.POST['address']
ob.code = request.POST['code']
ob.phone = request.POST['phone']
ob.email = request.POST['email']
ob.state = request.POST['state']
ob.addtime = time.time()
ob.save()
context = {'info':'修改成功'}
except:
context = {'info':'修改失败'}
return render(request,'myadmin/info.html',context)
2 html
主页
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>用户信息管理</title>
<script>
//自定义执行信息删除提示判断，参数uu是成功的删除url地址
function doDel(uu){
if(confirm("确定要删除吗？")){
//网页跳转
window.location=uu;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<center>
{% include 'mytest/users/menu.html' %}
<h3>浏览用户信息</h3>
<table width="800" border="1">
<tr>
<th>id号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>电话</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
{% for stu in stulist %}
<tr>
<td>{{ stu.id }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.name }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.age }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.phone }}</td>
<td>
<a href="{% url 'editusers' stu.id %}">编辑</a>
<a href="javascript:doDel('{% url 'delusers' stu.id %}');">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</center>
</body>
</html>
添加
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>用户信息管理</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
{% include "mytest/users/menu.html" %}
<h3>添加用户信息</h3>
<form action="{% url 'insertusers' %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<table width="280" border="0">
<tr>
<td>姓名：</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄：</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>电话：</td>
<td><input type="text" name="phone"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" value="添加"/>
<input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
修改
{% extends "myadmin/base.html" %}
{%block block_name%}
<!-- 主体开始 -->
<h1>
Edit Your Profile
</h1>
<form id="edit-profile" class="form-horizontal" action="{% url 'myadmin_usersupdate' user.id %}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<fieldset>
<legend>编辑用户信息</legend>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">username</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='username' value='{{ user.username }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">name</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="passwo" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='name' value='{{ user.name }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">passwd</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='passwd' value='{{ user.passwd }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">sex</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="radio" name='sex' value="1" />男
<input type="radio" name='sex' value="0" />女
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">address</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='address' value='{{ user.address }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">code</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='code' value='{{ user.code }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">phone</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='phone' value='{{ user.phone }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">email</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="text" class="input-xlarge" id="input01" name='email' value='{{ user.email }}'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="input01">state</label>
<div class="controls">
<input type="radio" name="state" value="1" />启用
<input type="radio" name="state" value="2" />禁用
<input type="radio" name="state" value="0" />后台管理员
</div>
</div>
<!-- <div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="fileInput">Photo</label>
<div class="controls">
<input class="input-file" id="fileInput" type="file" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<label class="control-label" for="textarea">Biography</label>
<div class="controls">
<textarea class="input-xlarge" id="textarea" rows="4">Web technology junkie who writes innovative and bestselling technical books. Also enjoys Sunday bicycle rides and all "good" comedy.</textarea>
</div>
</div> -->
<div class="form-actions">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button> <button class="btn">Cancel</button>
</div>
</fieldset>
</form>
<!-- 主体结束 -->
{%endblock%}
info显示
menu
<h2>用户信息管理</h2>
<a href="{% url 'users' %}">浏览用户</a> |
<a href="{% url 'addusers' %}">添加用户</a>
<hr/>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>用户信息管理</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
{% include "mytest/users/menu.html" %}
<h3>{{ info }}</h3>
</center>
</body>
</html>
静态文件
1 注意
1 修改setting里面的静态设定(在最后)
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]
2 在每一个页面都使用编码(每个页面前都必须要加)
{% load static from staticfiles %}
2 使用方法
创建一个base.html,base是父,其他为子,所有的公共部分都放在父文件里以便调用
{% csrf_token %}
1 占位标签
{%block block_name%}
这里可以定义默认值
如果不定义默认值，则表示空字符串
{%endblock%}
在base文件中任意位置可以占位,然后可以在子文件中写上占位标签就可以自己定义那块部分的内容,注意标签名字不能重复
2 继承标签
{% extends "base.html" %}
在子文件中写入继承标签就可以继承父类里面的公共信息
提交表单注意
from 里面需要写
action="{% url 'myadmin_usersinsert' %}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"
下面需要加
{% csrf_token %}
分页
# stu信息分页实例
url(r'^stu/(?P<pIndex>[0-9]*)/$', views.stu, name='stu'),
#stu学生信息分页实例
def stu(request,pIndex):
#return HttpResponse('ok')
list = Stu.objects.filter()
#实例化分页对象
p = Paginator(list,5)
# 处理当前页号信息
if pIndex=="":
pIndex = '1'
pIndex = int(pIndex)
# 获取当前页数据
list2 = p.page(pIndex)
plist = p.page_range
return render(request,"myweb/stu.html",{'stulist':list2,'pIndex':pIndex,'plist':plist})
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Web的使用操作</title>
<!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h1>信息分页实例</h1>
<a href="{% url 'index' %}">返回首页</a>
<br/><br/>
<table width="70%" border="1">
<tr>
<th>学号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
</tr>
{% for stu in stulist %}
<tr>
<td>{{ stu.id }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.name }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.age }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.sex }}</td>
<td>{{ stu.classid }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
<br/>
<ul class="pagination">
{%for pindex in plist%}
<li><a href={% url 'stu' pindex %}>{{pindex}}</a> </li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</center>
</body>
</html>
城市的多级联动
# 城市级联操作
url(r'^showdistrict$', views.showdistrict, name='showdistrict'),
url(r'^district/([0-9]+)$', views.district, name='district'),
]
# 加载城市级联信息操作模板
def showdistrict(request):
return render(request,"myweb/district.html")
# 加载对应的城市信息，并json格式ajax方式响应
def district(request,upid):
dlist = District.objects.filter(upid=upid)
list = []
for ob in dlist:
list.append({'id':ob.id,'name':ob.name})
return JsonResponse({'data':list})
{% load static from staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Web的使用操作</title>
<style>
select{margin:10px;}
</style>
<!-- <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script> -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static 'js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js' %}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//jQuery入口程序
$(function(){
$.ajax({
url: "{% url 'district' 0 %}",
type: 'get',
data: {},
dataType:'json',
success:function(res){
var data = res.data;
for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
$('<option value="'+data[i].id+'">'+data[i].name+'</option>').appendTo('select:last')
//$('select:last').append('<option value="'+data[i].id+'">'+data[i].name+'</option>');
}
},
error:function(){
alert("ajax加载失败！");
}
});
//获取最后一个下拉框并添加选中事件
$("select").live('change',function(){
//获取选中的id号
var id = $(this).val();
$(this).nextAll().remove();
$.ajax({
url: "/district/"+id,
type: 'get',
data: {},
dataType:'json',
success:function(res){
if(res.data.length<1)
return;
var data = res.data;
var select = $("<select></select>")
for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
$('<option value="'+data[i].id+'">'+data[i].name+'</option>').appendTo(select)
//$('select:last').append('<option value="'+data[i].id+'">'+data[i].name+'</option>');
}
$("select:last").after(select);
}
});
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Ajax的城市级联信息操作</h1>
<br/>
<select>
<option>-请选择-</option>
</select>
</body>
</html>
错误日志
看下面前请先确定
1 确保每个代码页都保存了
2 重启一下服务实施
3 看页面下面给的错误的地方,看是不是单词写错了
4 你可以看下面的错误了
in.... 缩进错误
sock 数据库启动错误 service mysqld restart
404 连接成功,地址栏写的不对
"Table 'myshop.django_session' doesn't exist")
需要执行数据迁移 $ python manage.py migrate
ProgrammingError at /myadmin/orders//
(1146, "Table 'myshop.myadmin_orders' doesn't exist")
表找不见,后台需要在模板处改名 class Meta:
db_table = "myweb_orders"
NoReverseMatch at /myadmin/ordersedit/1
Reverse for 'myadmin_ordersedit' with no arguments not found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['myadmin/ordersedit/(?P<uid>[0-9]+)$']
在html里面少写了一个参数
<form id="edit-profile" class="form-horizontal" action="{% url 'myadmin_ordersupdate' order.id %}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
判断
两层判断
<td>
{% if stu.sex == 1 %}
男
{% else %}
女
{% endif %}
</td>
三层判断
{% if stu.state == 1 %}
启用
{% elif stu.state == 2 %}
禁用
{% else %}
后台管理员
{% endif %}
一些不会的方法
计算总价 数量是shop.m 单价是shop.price
总价 <h5 id="xiaoji" class="xj">{% widthratio shop.price 1 shop.m %}</h5>
特殊的提交url方式并进行加减
减
<button class="col-md-2 btn-1 col-xs-2" onclick="window.location='{% url 'gwcchange' %}?sid={{shop.id}}&m={{shop.m|add:-1}}'" >-</button>
加
<button class="col-md-2 btn-2 col-xs-2" onclick="window.location='{% url 'gwcchange' %}?sid={{shop.id}}&m={{shop.m|add:1}}'">+</button>
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