Nginx文件服务器搭建

1、安装依赖、关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2、创建nginx启动用户
注意：会在/home目录生成对应www的用户目录
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -f www ---建立用户组 www
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www ---添加用户 www

创建文件存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /pages

3、下载nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

4、解压并编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.14.0
[root@localhost ~]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_sub_module
[root@localhost ~]# make
[root@localhost ~]# make install

5、设置nginx软连接
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

6、配置nginx服务并设置开机自启
设置service启动的方式
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx'

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
NAME=nginx
NGINX_BIN=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
if [ -s /bin/ss ]; then
    StatBin=/bin/ss
else
    StatBin=/bin/netstat
fi


case "$1" in
    start)
        echo -n "Starting $NAME... "

        if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx;then
            echo "$NAME (pid `pidof $NAME`) already running."
            exit 1
        fi

        $NGINX_BIN -c $CONFIGFILE

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
            echo " failed"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;

    stop)
        echo -n "Stoping $NAME... "

        if ! $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; then
            echo "$NAME is not running."
            exit 1
        fi

        $NGINX_BIN -s stop

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
            echo " failed. Use force-quit"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;

    status)
        if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; then
            PID=`pidof nginx`
            echo "$NAME (pid $PID) is running..."
        else
            echo "$NAME is stopped."
            exit 0
        fi
        ;;

    force-quit|kill)
        echo -n "Terminating $NAME... "

        if ! $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; then
            echo "$NAME is is stopped."
            exit 1
        fi

        kill `pidof $NAME`

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
            echo " failed"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;

    restart)
        $0 stop
        sleep 1
        $0 start
        ;;

    reload)
        echo -n "Reload service $NAME... "

        if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; then
            $NGINX_BIN -s reload
            echo " done"
        else
            echo "$NAME is not running, can't reload."
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;

    configtest)
        echo -n "Test $NAME configure files... "

        $NGINX_BIN -t
        ;;

    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|configtest|force-quit|kill}"
        exit 1
        ;;

esac

 [root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on

 7、启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx start 启动
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx start 启动
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx stop 停止
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart 重启
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx status 查看nginx状态

8、访问
访问http://IP即可看到nginx欢迎页，默认欢迎页面在/usr/local/nginx/html目录下

9、修改nginx.conf配置文件
将下面的全部复制到nginx.conf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        charset utf-8;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index
        charset utf-8;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

         location /pages {
          alias /pages;
          autoindex on;               # 开启索引功能，以便可以看到文件列表
          autoindex_exact_size off;   # 显示文件大小
          autoindex_localtime on;     # 显示文件时间
        }
    }

}

修改完配置后，保存退出，重启Nginx：service nginx restart

11、创建文件测下
[root@localhost ~]# cd /pages/
[root@localhost ~]# touch 1.txt
访问http://IP/pages