C#中的Converter在XAML与后台代码中的应用-CSDN博客

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Converter在WPF/XAML中扮演着非常重要的角色，特别是在数据绑定和值转换方面。下面我将详细介绍如何在XAML和后台代码中使用Converter，特别是布尔型转换的应用。

一、XAML中的值转换器(Value Converter)

1. 创建布尔值转换器

首先需要创建一个实现IValueConverter接口的转换器类：

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;

public class BoolToTextConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is bool boolValue)
        {
            // 可以添加参数处理，如parameter指定true/false时的显示文本
            return boolValue ? "是" : "否";
        }
        return "无效";
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is string strValue)
        {
            return strValue == "是";
        }
        return false;
    }
}

2. 在XAML中使用转换器

<Window x:Class="ConverterDemo.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ConverterDemo"
        Title="Bool Converter Demo" Height="200" Width="300">
    
    <Window.Resources>
        <local:BoolToTextConverter x:Key="BoolToTextConverter"/>
    </Window.Resources>
    
    <StackPanel Margin="10">
        <CheckBox x:Name="myCheckBox" Content="是否同意条款" IsChecked="True"/>
        
        <TextBlock Margin="0,10,0,0" 
                   Text="{Binding ElementName=myCheckBox, Path=IsChecked, 
                           Converter={StaticResource BoolToTextConverter}}"/>
        
        <Button Content="切换状态" Margin="0,10,0,0" 
                Click="ToggleButton_Click"/>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

3. 后台代码

private void ToggleButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    myCheckBox.IsChecked = !myCheckBox.IsChecked;
}

二、常用布尔转换器示例

1. 布尔值反转转换器

public class InverseBooleanConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is bool boolValue)
        {
            return !boolValue;
        }
        return value;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is bool boolValue)
        {
            return !boolValue;
        }
        return value;
    }
}

XAML中使用：

<Button Content="不可用按钮" IsEnabled="{Binding IsAvailable, Converter={StaticResource InverseBooleanConverter}}"/>

2. 布尔到可见性转换器

public class BoolToVisibilityConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        bool isVisible = (value is bool b) && b;
        
        // 如果参数为"inverse"，则反转逻辑
        if (parameter?.ToString().ToLower() == "inverse")
        {
            isVisible = !isVisible;
        }
        
        return isVisible ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Collapsed;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return (value is Visibility visibility) && visibility == Visibility.Visible;
    }
}

XAML中使用：

<TextBlock Text="仅当选中时显示" 
           Visibility="{Binding ElementName=myCheckBox, Path=IsChecked, 
                          Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}}"/>

三、多值转换器(IMultiValueConverter)

当需要基于多个绑定值进行转换时，可以使用多值转换器。

1. 创建多值布尔转换器

public class MultiBoolToVisibilityConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        // 检查所有布尔值是否为true
        foreach (var value in values)
        {
            if (value is bool boolValue && !boolValue)
            {
                return Visibility.Collapsed;
            }
        }
        return Visibility.Visible;
    }

    public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

2. XAML中使用多值转换器

<Window.Resources>
    <local:MultiBoolToVisibilityConverter x:Key="MultiBoolConverter"/>
</Window.Resources>

<StackPanel>
    <CheckBox x:Name="checkBox1" Content="条件1" IsChecked="True"/>
    <CheckBox x:Name="checkBox2" Content="条件2" IsChecked="True"/>
    <CheckBox x:Name="checkBox3" Content="条件3" IsChecked="True"/>
    
    <Button Content="提交" Margin="0,10,0,0">
        <Button.Visibility>
            <MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource MultiBoolConverter}">
                <Binding ElementName="checkBox1" Path="IsChecked"/>
                <Binding ElementName="checkBox2" Path="IsChecked"/>
                <Binding ElementName="checkBox3" Path="IsChecked"/>
            </MultiBinding>
        </Button.Visibility>
    </Button>
</StackPanel>

四、后台代码中创建和使用转换器

1. 直接在代码中创建绑定并应用转换器

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    
    // 创建转换器实例
    var converter = new BoolToVisibilityConverter();
    
    // 创建绑定
    Binding binding = new Binding("IsChecked");
    binding.Source = myCheckBox;
    binding.Converter = converter;
    
    // 应用绑定
    resultTextBlock.SetBinding(TextBlock.VisibilityProperty, binding);
}

2. 动态切换转换器逻辑

public class ConfigurableBoolConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public string TrueText { get; set; } = "是";
    public string FalseText { get; set; } = "否";

    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return (value is bool b && b) ? TrueText : FalseText;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return (value as string) == TrueText;
    }
}

XAML中使用：

<Window.Resources>
    <local:ConfigurableBoolConverter x:Key="ConfigConverter" TrueText="启用" FalseText="禁用"/>
</Window.Resources>

<TextBlock Text="{Binding IsActive, Converter={StaticResource ConfigConverter}}"/>

五、实际应用场景示例

1. 表单验证状态显示

public class ValidationStateToColorConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is bool isValid)
        {
            return isValid ? Brushes.Green : Brushes.Red;
        }
        return Brushes.Gray;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

<TextBox>
    <TextBox.Style>
        <Style TargetType="TextBox">
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
            <Style.Triggers>
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsValid, Converter={StaticResource ValidationConverter}}" Value="False">
                    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Red"/>
                    <Setter Property="ToolTip" Value="输入无效"/>
                </DataTrigger>
            </Style.Triggers>
        </Style>
    </TextBox.Style>
</TextBox>

2. 权限控制

public class PermissionToVisibilityConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (value is bool hasPermission)
        {
            return hasPermission ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Collapsed;
        }
        return Visibility.Collapsed;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

<Button Content="管理员功能" 
        Command="{Binding AdminCommand}"
        Visibility="{Binding IsAdmin, Converter={StaticResource PermissionConverter}}"/>