Kafka如何手动维护偏移量？

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-18 11:03:20 发布

chenyanlong_v

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-18 11:03:20 发布

阅读量972

点赞数 1

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

如有不足，欢迎纠正

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/longyanchen/article/details/109000641

本文介绍如何在 Spark Streaming 中手动管理 Kafka 消费者的偏移量，包括从 MySQL 获取偏移量和消费完成后更新偏移量的方法。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

0：需求描述

-手动维护kafka偏移量

-做一个单词计数

1.环境准备

三台虚拟机：

node01,node02,node03三台机器已经安装kafka集群。

mysql用来存取kafka的偏移量

 CREATE TABLE `t_offset` (
      `topic` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
      `partition` INT(11) NOT NULL,
      `groupid` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
      `offset` BIGINT(20) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`topic`,`partition`,`groupid`)
    ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2.启动生产者：

/export/servers/kafka_2.11-1.0.0/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list node01:9092,node01:9092,node01:9092 --topic spark_kafka

3.代码演示

pom依赖：

 <!-- 指定仓库位置，依次为aliyun、cloudera和jboss仓库 -->
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun</id>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>cloudera</id>
            <url>https://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>jboss</id>
            <url>http://repository.jboss.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <scala.version>2.11.8</scala.version>
        <scala.compat.version>2.11</scala.compat.version>
        <hadoop.version>2.7.4</hadoop.version>
        <spark.version>2.2.0</spark.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.scala-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>scala-library</artifactId>
            <version>${scala.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-core_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-sql_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-hive_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-hive-thriftserver_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-streaming_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
             <artifactId>spark-streaming-kafka-0-8_2.11</artifactId>
             <version>${spark.version}</version>
         </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-streaming-kafka-0-10_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-sql-kafka-0-10_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>${spark.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.0-mr1-cdh5.14.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.0</version>
        </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-streaming-kafka-0-10_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--https://github.com/lightbend/config-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.typesafe</groupId>
            <artifactId>config</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src/main/scala</sourceDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 指定编译java的插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 指定编译scala的插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>scala-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                            <goal>testCompile</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <args>
                                <arg>-dependencyfile</arg>
                                <arg>${project.build.directory}/.scala_dependencies</arg>
                            </args>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.18.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <useFile>false</useFile>
                    <disableXmlReport>true</disableXmlReport>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*Test.*</include>
                        <include>**/*Suite.*</include>
                    </includes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <filters>
                                <filter>
                                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                    <excludes>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                                    </excludes>
                                </filter>
                            </filters>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass></mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

OffsetUtil工具类

package com.td.kafka

import java.sql.{DriverManager, ResultSet}

import org.apache.kafka.common.TopicPartition
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.OffsetRange

import scala.collection.mutable

object OffsetUtil {
  //从数据库读取偏移量
  def getOffsetMap(groupid: String, topic: String) = {
    val connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://node01:3306/bigdata?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "123456")
    val pstmt = connection.prepareStatement("select * from t_offset where groupid=? and topic=?")
    pstmt.setString(1, groupid)
    pstmt.setString(2, topic)
    val rs: ResultSet = pstmt.executeQuery()
    val offsetMap = mutable.Map[TopicPartition, Long]()
    while (rs.next()) {
      offsetMap += new TopicPartition(rs.getString("topic"), rs.getInt("partition")) -> rs.getLong("offset")
    }
    rs.close()
    pstmt.close()
    connection.close()
    offsetMap
  }

  //将偏移量保存到数据库
  def saveOffsetRanges(groupid: String, offsetRange: Array[OffsetRange]) = {
    val connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://node01:3306/bigdata?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "123456")
    //replace into表示之前有就替换,没有就插入
    val pstmt = connection.prepareStatement("replace into t_offset (`topic`, `partition`, `groupid`, `offset`) values(?,?,?,?)")
    for (o <- offsetRange) {
      pstmt.setString(1, o.topic)
      pstmt.setInt(2, o.partition)
      pstmt.setString(3, groupid)
      pstmt.setLong(4, o.untilOffset)
      pstmt.executeUpdate()
    }
    pstmt.close()
    connection.close()
  }
}

SparkKafka6测试类：

package com.td.kafka

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
import org.apache.kafka.common.TopicPartition
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.{DStream, InputDStream}
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.{OffsetRange, _}
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.apache.spark.{SparkConf, SparkContext}

import scala.collection.mutable

object SparkKafka6 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    //1.创建SrearmingContext
    val conf = new SparkConf().setAppName("wc").setMaster("local[*]")
    val sc = new SparkContext(conf)
    sc.setLogLevel("WARN")
    sc.setCheckpointDir("./kafka")

    val ssc = new StreamingContext(sc,Seconds(5))

    //准备连接Kafka的参数
    val kafkaParams = Map[String, Object](
      "bootstrap.servers" -> "node01:9092,node02:9092,node03:9092",
      "key.deserializer" -> classOf[StringDeserializer],
      "value.deserializer" -> classOf[StringDeserializer],
      "group.id" -> "SparkKafkaDemo",
      "auto.offset.reset" -> "latest",
      "enable.auto.commit" -> (false: java.lang.Boolean)
    )
    val topics = Array("spark_kafka")

    //2.使用KafkaUtil连接Kafak获取数据
    //注意:
    //如果MySQL中没有记录offset,则直接连接,从latest开始消费
    //如果MySQL中有记录offset,则应该从该offset处开始消费
    val offsetMap: mutable.Map[TopicPartition, Long] = OffsetUtil.getOffsetMap("SparkKafkaDemo","spark_kafka")

    val recordDStream: InputDStream[ConsumerRecord[String, String]] = {if(offsetMap.size > 0){//有记录offset
      println("MySQL中记录了offset,则从该offset处开始消费")
      KafkaUtils.createDirectStream[String, String](ssc,
        LocationStrategies.PreferConsistent,//位置策略,源码强烈推荐使用该策略,会让Spark的Executor和Kafka的Broker均匀对应
        ConsumerStrategies.Subscribe[String, String](topics, kafkaParams,offsetMap))//消费策略,源码强烈推荐使用该策略
    }else{//没有记录offset
      println("没有记录offset,则直接连接,从latest开始消费")
      // /export/servers/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list node01:9092 --topic  spark_kafka
      KafkaUtils.createDirectStream[String, String](ssc,
        LocationStrategies.PreferConsistent,//位置策略,源码强烈推荐使用该策略,会让Spark的Executor和Kafka的Broker均匀对应
        ConsumerStrategies.Subscribe[String, String](topics, kafkaParams))//消费策略,源码强烈推荐使用该策略
    }}


    recordDStream.foreachRDD(rdd=>{
      if(rdd.count() > 0){//当前这一时间批次有数据
        rdd.foreach(record => println("接收到的Kafk发送过来的数据为:" + record))
        //接收到的Kafk发送过来的数据为:ConsumerRecord(topic = spark_kafka, partition = 2, offset = 18, CreateTime = 1601332815296, checksum = 2190377400, serialized key size = -1, serialized value size = 2, key = null, value = aa)
        //注意:通过打印接收到的消息可以看到,里面有我们需要维护的offset,和要处理的数据
        //接下来可以对数据进行处理....或者使用transform返回和之前一样处理
        //处理数据的代码写完了,就该维护offset了,那么为了方便我们对offset的维护/管理,spark提供了一个类,帮我们封装offset的数据
        val offsetRanges: Array[OffsetRange] = rdd.asInstanceOf[HasOffsetRanges].offsetRanges
        for (o <- offsetRanges){
          println(s"topic=${o.topic},partition=${o.partition},fromOffset=${o.fromOffset},untilOffset=${o.untilOffset}")
        }
        //手动提交offset,默认提交到Checkpoint中
        //recordDStream.asInstanceOf[CanCommitOffsets].commitAsync(offsetRanges)
        //实际中偏移量可以提交到MySQL/Redis中
        OffsetUtil.saveOffsetRanges("SparkKafkaDemo",offsetRanges)
      }
    })

    val lineDStream: DStream[String] = recordDStream.map(_.value())//_指的是ConsumerRecord
    val wrodDStream: DStream[String] = lineDStream.flatMap(_.split(" ")) //_指的是发过来的value,即一行数据
    val wordAndOneDStream: DStream[(String, Int)] = wrodDStream.map((_,1))
    val result: DStream[(String, Int)] = wordAndOneDStream.updateStateByKey(updateFunc)
    result.print()
    ssc.start()//开启
    ssc.awaitTermination()//等待优雅停止
  }
  def updateFunc(currentValues:Seq[Int],historyValue:Option[Int]): Option[Int] ={
    val result = currentValues.sum+historyValue.getOrElse(0)
    Some(result)
  }
}