Islam Abdelrahman

🚗 Understanding CAN Bus: A Real-Time Communication Protocol! Controller Area Network (CAN) is a reliable communication protocol enabling microcontrollers and devices to interact in real-time without the need for a host computer. Developed by Bosch for automotive applications in the 1980s, it reduces wiring complexity and increases efficiency. 🔧 How It Works: CAN Bus utilizes a two-wire differential system (CAN_H and CAN_L), transmitting data in frames. Key components of the frame: ✔️ Identifier: Prioritizes messages. ✔️ Data: Up to 8 bytes (64 bytes in CAN FD). ✔️ Control Bits: For error checking and management. 💡 Key Features: ✔️ Multi-Master: Any device can send data. ✔️ Fault Tolerance: Built-in error detection. ✔️ Real-Time: Prioritized data transmission. ✔️ Scalable: Easy network expansion. 🔧 Applications: ✔️ Automotive: ECUs, diagnostics, infotainment. ✔️ Industrial: PLCs, sensors, robotics. ✔️ Medical: Patient monitoring. ✔️ Aerospace: Avionics. ✅ Advantages: ✔️ Simplifies wiring. ✔️ Reliable in noisy environments. ✔️ Supports real-time operations. ⚠️ Limitations: ✔️ Limited bandwidth (not for high-data tasks). ✔️ Distance constraints at higher speeds. 💡 Variants: ✳️ Classic CAN: 1 Mbps, 8-byte payload. ✳️ CAN FD: 8 Mbps, 64-byte payload. ✳️ TTCAN: Time-based scheduling. 🛠 Tools for CAN Bus: ✳️ Hardware: CAN transceivers (MCP2551, TJA1050), microcontrollers (STM32, Arduino with CAN shield). ✳️ Software: CANalyzer, CANoe, SavvyCAN (open-source)

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𝐓𝐨𝐩 𝟏𝟎 𝐇𝐑 𝐐𝐮𝐢𝐜𝐤 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐐&𝐀 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐄𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐝𝐝𝐞𝐝 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐬 The HR quick call round often decides whether you move forward or not. That’s why I prepared a handwritten cheatsheet with real-world answers + explanations for the most asked HR interview questions in embedded systems. 🔍 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐮𝐢𝐝𝐞: • Skills & project-focused “Tell me about yourself” • Firmware development with measurable results • Protocols → UART, SPI, I²C, CAN • Debugging memory leaks with GDB & SonarQube • RTOS, documentation, salary expectations & more 💡 Each Q comes with an answer + explanation so you know how to frame your own. 𝗘𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗱𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗿𝘂𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀→ Did I miss any common HR questions? Drop them in comments so learners can benefit. Interview prep gets easier when knowledge is shared. Let’s build this embedded learning thread stronger, together. 𝐋𝐨𝐨𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐀𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 → I’m transforming my entire 𝗘𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗱𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 into a structured, product-ready format. The 𝗴𝗼𝗮𝗹 is simple → make complex engineering concepts practical, scalable, and accessible for 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗱𝗲. I’m open to collaborating with #EdTech platforms, Founders, or Investors who share the vision of shaping the next generation of Embedded Engineers. 🚀 👨‍💻 Follow Rakesh Pant for simplified, zero-fluff embedded learning. ♻️ Repost if this can help someone preparing for their next big opportunity. #EmbeddedSystems #HRInterview #JobPreparation #EmbeddedEngineer #BuildInPublic #EdTech #Investors #LearnwithLinkedin

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🌟C++ for Embedded Systems ✨ I recently came across this insightful presentation: “C++ for Embedded Systems” by Detlef Vollmann (Siemens Building Technologies) . It dives deep into: 🔹 Costs and benefits of using C++ in embedded systems 🔹 Real-world considerations like memory, concurrency, and real-time constraints 🔹 Design patterns, architectures, and idioms for embedded development 🔹 How to leverage C++ features without compromising performance This is a must-read for anyone working in firmware, embedded engineering, or system programming who wants to balance efficiency, reliability, and maintainability in real-world projects. Big thanks to Detlef Vollmann for putting together such valuable content 🙌 👉 For more insights on Embedded Systems, C++ in embedded, and real-world applications, make sure to follow Darshan Wankhede . #EmbeddedSystems #Cplusplus #Firmware #SystemDesign #DarshanWankhede #embedded #engineer

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Sensor Fusion: The Backbone of Reliable ADAS Did you know that robust sensor fusion algorithms can reduce over 80% of false positives in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)? Relying on a single sensor is risky—cameras struggle in fog, radar can misinterpret reflections, and LiDAR has its limitations. The solution lies in sensor fusion, where multiple sensor inputs are combined to build an accurate, unified model of the vehicle’s surroundings. Here’s how sensor fusion works in ADAS: 1. Data Collection – Each sensor provides unique strengths: Radar → distance & velocity Cameras → object classification LiDAR → high-precision 3D mapping 2. Pre-processing – Synchronizing and filtering raw data to reduce noise. 3. Data Association – Matching detections across sensors (e.g., confirming if radar and camera identify the same car). 4. Fusion – Merging data using Kalman filters, Bayesian models, or deep learning. 5. Decision Making – Enabling critical functions such as emergency braking, adaptive cruise control, and lane keeping. The result? ✅ More accurate perception ✅ Fewer false alarms ✅ Safer driving in all conditions Sensor fusion isn’t just a buzzword—it’s the foundation of safe, next-generation automotive systems.

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🔗 How Linux Kernel Automatically Matches Devices to Drivers in Embedded Systems Ever wondered how your embedded Linux system knows which driver to load for each hardware component? The magic happens in the platform bus subsystem! The Matching Dance 💃🕺 When you boot an embedded Linux system: 1️⃣ Device Registration: Hardware devices are registered with the platform bus (from device tree, ACPI, or board files) 2️⃣ Driver Registration: Platform drivers register themselves with matching criteria 3️⃣ Automatic Matching: The platform bus core compares device properties with driver capabilities 4️⃣ Driver Binding: When a match is found, the driver's probe() function is called Real Example: UART Controller 🖥️ Device Side (Device Tree - Platform Device): / { // Root node - direct children are platform devices uart0: serial@12340000 { compatible = "company,uart-v1.0"; reg = <0x12340000 0x1000>; // No bus specified = platform device! }; // Compare with non-platform devices: i2c0: i2c@12350000 { compatible = "company,i2c-v1.0"; reg = <0x12350000 0x1000>; // Children of i2c bus = i2c devices (not platform) sensor@48 { compatible = "company,temp-sensor"; reg = <0x48>; }; }; }; Key: Platform devices are typically: ✅ Direct children of root ("/") or simple bus nodes ✅ Memory-mapped devices (have reg property with addresses) ✅ NOT under a specific bus controller (I2C, SPI, PCI, etc.) Driver Side (Complete Platform Driver): // Step 1: Define what devices this driver supports static const struct of_device_id uart_match[] = { { .compatible = "company,uart-v1.0" }, { /* sentinel */ } }; // Step 2: Create platform driver structure static struct platform_driver uart_driver = { .probe = uart_probe, // Called when match found .remove = uart_remove, .driver = { .name = "company-uart", .of_match_table = uart_match, // Link to match table }, }; // Step 3: Register driver with platform bus module_platform_driver(uart_driver); Key Matching Methods 🔍 Compatible strings (Device Tree) Device names ACPI HIDs/CIDs Driver ID tables The beauty? It's all automatic! No manual driver loading needed. The kernel handles the complex matching logic, making embedded development more reliable and maintainable. #EmbeddedLinux #KernelDevelopment #DeviceDrivers #EmbeddedSystems #Linux #IoT #TechExplained

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📅 Embedded Tuesday #3 Welcome back to Embedded Tuesdays — where each week we explore a new concept from the world of embedded systems! 🔌 GPIO: Push-Pull vs Open-Drain — More Than Just Pins When we set a GPIO pin as output, it feels simple: just drive it HIGH or LOW. But here’s the secret — the way that pin drives the line can make or break your circuit. 🔹 Push-Pull Actively drives the line both HIGH 🔼 and LOW 🔽 Strong, fast, and great for LEDs, digital logic, or anything needing a solid signal ⚠️ Risk: If two push-pull devices share the same line, one might force HIGH while the other forces LOW → direct short circuit between Vcc and GND! 🔹 Open-Drain Can only pull the line LOW — leaves it floating otherwise Requires a pull-up resistor to Vcc to go HIGH Perfect for shared communication buses like I²C, where multiple devices can safely pull the line without fighting each other 💡 Rule of Thumb: Push-Pull = Speed + Strength 💪 Open-Drain = Flexibility + Safety 🤝 ✨ That’s this week’s #EmbeddedTuesdays! 👉 Have you ever had a project fail because of a wrong GPIO mode choice? Share your story below ⬇️ If you’re also into embedded systems or electronics, don’t hesitate to connect with me — I’m always excited to meet like-minded people and share ideas! #embedded #electronics #microcontrollers #hardware #engineering

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🤖 AI in Embedded Development: Can It Really Handle Automotive Protocols? AI is becoming increasingly integrated into our daily workflows. I often see countless videos showing how easy it is to generate a website with AI in just a few clicks. But I started wondering: what about embedded development? Unlike web frontend or backend development, embedded engineering is far less mainstream - and often far more complex. So, I decided to put AI to the test - specifically ClaudeCode, which in my experience is currently the best tool for such tasks. 🛠 The Challenge I used a Microchip (Atmel) SAME54 Xplained Pro development board, which includes an onboard Ethernet interface. The goal: Build a DoIP (Diagnostics over IP) client on the board. Have it send diagnostic requests to a DoIP server running on a PC. The PC would run a Python script acting as a simulated ECU (Electronic Control Unit) — also written by ClaudeCode. To speed up development, I started with Atmel’s LWIP + Socket + Webserver example as the foundation. From there, I tasked ClaudeCode with implementing the DoIP functionality. ⚡ First Results Surprisingly, after just one iteration, I had a working (though imperfect) embedded DoIP client running on the SAME54 board. Takeaway #1: ClaudeCode was able to integrate DoIP functionality into an existing project with minimal guidance. 🔄 Modernizing the Stack The Atmel example uses quite outdated components: FreeRTOS v8.x LWIP v1.4 These are roughly 2011-era versions — not ideal for a production-ready project. So, I asked ClaudeCode to upgrade the stack: FreeRTOS v11 LWIP v2.2.1 Porting FreeRTOS was done flawlessly on the first attempt. LWIP, however, required several iterations due to significant architectural changes between v1.4 and v2.x. ClaudeCode provided multiple migration strategies, explained the trade-offs, and ultimately implemented the chosen approach after a few refinements. Takeaway #2: ClaudeCode handles complex library migrations surprisingly well, while understanding the architectural implications. ✅ Final Outcome The result is a fully functional DoIP client running on the SAME54 board, using the latest versions of FreeRTOS and LWIP. During testing with Wireshark, I noticed some issues with DoIP message formatting — which ClaudeCode also helped resolve. 🎯 Conclusion Working with ClaudeCode feels like operating at the CTO level: You define the architecture, make the key decisions, and let the AI handle much of the implementation work that would typically require a junior or mid-level engineer. 💻 Hardware Used SAME54 Xplained Pro Development Board MacBook Pro M1 USB-C to Ethernet Adapter + Cable The final project is available on GitHub: https://lnkd.in/gqRE35zy And yes — all commit messages and project documentation were also generated with ClaudeCode. #FirmwareDevelopment #ClaudeCode #FreeRTOS #LWIP #DOIP

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🚀 8085 Before 8086? Here's the Advice I Wish I Got Earlier... When I started learning embedded systems, I asked a question many beginners still ask today: 💬 “Do I need to learn 8085 before jumping into 8086?” At first, I got a simple reply that stuck with me: 👉 “It’s like learning to ride a bicycle before getting on a motorbike. Not mandatory… but you’ll never regret it.” But I’ll take it a step further — let me share my own analogy: A man wants to join his village's kabaddi team. He asks a friend, “Should I take kabaddi training before joining?” His friend replies: “Not necessary… But if you’re trained, you’ll be one of the strongest players on the field.” That’s exactly how I feel about 8085 and 8086. 🎯 My Answer? No — you don’t have to learn 8085 to start with 8086. But if you do, the entire path becomes easier, faster, and more enjoyable. From my own journey, learning 8085 gave me: ✅ A strong grip on registers, ALU, flags, and instruction flow ✅ Better intuition for memory addressing and buses ✅ A deep appreciation for what’s under the hood of modern microcontrollers It’s like learning grammar before writing essays — it’s not “old-school,” it’s smart school. 💡 📢 So the next time someone asks: “8085 before 8086 — yes or no?” Tell them: “Not required. But definitely rewarding.” 💬 Over to you: Did 8085 shape your embedded learning path too? Or did you jump straight to 8086? 👇 Drop your experience, tag a learner, or share this with your juniors. Let’s help build better engineers. #8085 #8086 #EmbeddedSystems #Microprocessor #Microcontroller #LearningJourney #Engineering #TechCommunity #Electronics #CareerGrowth #StudentToPro

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🚗 Understanding CAN Bus: A Real-Time Communication Protocol! Controller Area Network (CAN) is a reliable communication protocol enabling microcontrollers and devices to interact in real-time without the need for a host computer. Developed by Bosch for automotive applications in the 1980s, it reduces wiring complexity and increases efficiency. 🔧 How It Works: CAN Bus utilizes a two-wire differential system (CAN_H and CAN_L), transmitting data in frames. Key components of the frame: ✔️ Identifier: Prioritizes messages. ✔️ Data: Up to 8 bytes (64 bytes in CAN FD). ✔️ Control Bits: For error checking and management. 💡 Key Features: ✔️ Multi-Master: Any device can send data. ✔️ Fault Tolerance: Built-in error detection. ✔️ Real-Time: Prioritized data transmission. ✔️ Scalable: Easy network expansion. 🔧 Applications: ✔️ Automotive: ECUs, diagnostics, infotainment. ✔️ Industrial: PLCs, sensors, robotics. ✔️ Medical: Patient monitoring. ✔️ Aerospace: Avionics. ✅ Advantages: ✔️ Simplifies wiring. ✔️ Reliable in noisy environments. ✔️ Supports real-time operations. ⚠️ Limitations: ✔️ Limited bandwidth (not for high-data tasks). ✔️ Distance constraints at higher speeds. 💡 Variants: ✳️ Classic CAN: 1 Mbps, 8-byte payload. ✳️ CAN FD: 8 Mbps, 64-byte payload. ✳️ TTCAN: Time-based scheduling. 🛠 Tools for CAN Bus: ✳️ Hardware: CAN transceivers (MCP2551, TJA1050), microcontrollers (STM32, Arduino with CAN shield). ✳️ Software: CANalyzer, CANoe, SavvyCAN (open-source) Anis HASSEN bro ANIL KUMAR SHARMAOptiemus Infracom Limited Anoushka Tripathi Optiemus Electronics Limited Dr. Kush Mehrotra ↗️ MapmyIndia Optiemus Unmanned Systems Sagar Kanjariya Ajay Kumar Kothapally Govind Rajput Govind Maurya Gettobyte Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Pranay Sharma bro Ajay Goel Kunal Minda Nitesh Gupta sir Vikas Kumar ajay r Aditya Tipre PiEmbSysTech Sofcon India Pvt.Ltd. Ducat India Arm SONU KUMARVikas Kalra Kunal Gupta Kunal Patel Kunal Jariwala Kunal Gupta Kunal Structure (India) Pvt. Ltd. TOPIC Embedded Systems Ashok Kumar Anil Madagoni Harish Kumar Harish Kurubar Vijay Singh Smarten Power Systems Statcon Electronics India Limited Vinod Melwani FOR MORE : https://lnkd.in/gpna2QkE #CAN #RESHARE #SHAREKNOWLEDGE #RESHARETOALL #EMBEDDED #AUTOMOTIVE #PROTOCOL #COMMUNICATION

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