python 排列组合

1.排列

1.1 使用itertools

from itertools import permutations
list(permutations(["a","b","c"]))

1.2 自定义函数

def perm(ls,begin,end):
    global res,count
    if begin==end-1:
        res.append(ls.copy())
        count+=1 
        return 
    else:
        for ind in range(begin,end):
            ls[begin],ls[ind]=ls[ind],ls[begin]
            perm(ls,begin+1,end)
            ls[begin],ls[ind]=ls[ind],ls[begin]
arr = ["a","b",'c']
res=[]
count=0
perm(arr, 0, len(arr))
print(res)    

2.组合

2.1 使用itertools

from itertools import combinations
list(combinations(["a","b","c","d"],2))

2.2 自定义函数

def combine(ls,sub,ind):
    global res,k
    if len(sub)==k:
        res.append(sub[:])
        return 
    for i in range(ind,len(ls)):
        sub.append(ls[i])
        combine(ls[ind:],sub,i+1)
        sub.pop()

arr=['a','b','c','d']
res=[]
k=2
combine(arr,[],0)

print(res)