透過 CloudFormation 建立啟動範本

本節提供一個透過 CloudFormation 建立 Amazon EC2 啟動範本的範例。啟動範本可讓您建立用於在 AWS 中設定和佈建 Amazon EC2 執行個體的範本。使用啟動範本，您可以來存放啟動參數，如此您就不需要在每次啟動執行個體時指定參數。如需更多範例，請參閱 AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate 中的範例區段。

如需有關啟動範本的詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的在 Amazon EC2 啟動範本中儲存執行個體啟動參數。

如需有關使用 Auto Scaling 群組建立啟動範本的資訊，請參閱《Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling 使用者指南》中的 Auto Scaling 啟動範本。

建立指定安全群組、標籤、使用者資料及 IAM 角色的啟動範本

此程式碼片段顯示 AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate 資源，其中包含啟動執行個體的組態資訊。您可為 ImageId、InstanceType、SecurityGroups、UserData 以及 TagSpecifications 屬性指定值。SecurityGroups 屬性指定現有 EC2 安全群組以及新的安全群組。Ref 函數取得在堆疊範本中其他處宣告的 AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup 資源 myNewEC2SecurityGroup 之 ID。

啟動範本包含自訂使用者資料的區段。您可以在本區段中執行個體啟動時傳入執行的組態任務和指令碼。在此範例中，使用者資料會安裝 AWS Systems Manager代理程式並啟動 代理程式。

啟動範本還包含 IAM 角色，該角色允許在執行個體上執行的應用程式代表您執行動作。此範例顯示啟動範本的 AWS::IAM::Role 資源，此資源使用 IamInstanceProfile 屬性指定 IAM 角色。Ref 函數取得 AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile 資源 myInstanceProfile 的名稱。若要設定 IAM 角色的許可，請為 ManagedPolicyArns 屬性指定值。

{
  "Resources":{
    "myLaunchTemplate":{
      "Type":"AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate",
      "Properties":{
        "LaunchTemplateName":{ "Fn::Sub": "${AWS::StackName}-launch-template" },
        "LaunchTemplateData":{
          "ImageId":"ami-02354e95b3example",
          "InstanceType":"t3.micro",
          "IamInstanceProfile":{
            "Name":{
              "Ref":"myInstanceProfile"
            }
          },
          "SecurityGroupIds":[
            {
              "Ref":"myNewEC2SecurityGroup"
            },
            "sg-083cd3bfb8example"
          ],
          "UserData":{
            "Fn::Base64":{
              "Fn::Join": [
                "", [
                  "#!/bin/bash\n",
                  "cd /tmp\n",
                  "yum install -y https://s3.amazonaws.com/ec2-downloads-windows/SSMAgent/latest/linux_amd64/amazon-ssm-agent.rpm\n",
                  "systemctl enable amazon-ssm-agent\n",
                  "systemctl start amazon-ssm-agent\n"
                ]
              ]
            }
          },
          "TagSpecifications":[
            {
              "ResourceType":"instance",
              "Tags":[
                {
                  "Key":"environment",
                  "Value":"development"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "ResourceType":"volume",
              "Tags":[
                {
                  "Key":"environment",
                  "Value":"development"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    "myInstanceRole":{
      "Type":"AWS::IAM::Role",
      "Properties":{
        "RoleName":"InstanceRole",
        "AssumeRolePolicyDocument":{
          "Version": "2012-10-17",		 	 	 
          "Statement":[
            {
              "Effect":"Allow",
              "Principal":{
                "Service":[
                  "ec2.amazonaws.com"
                ]
              },
              "Action":[
                "sts:AssumeRole"
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "ManagedPolicyArns":[
          "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/myCustomerManagedPolicy"
        ]
      }
    },
    "myInstanceProfile":{
      "Type":"AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile",
      "Properties":{
        "Path":"/",
        "Roles":[
          {
            "Ref":"myInstanceRole"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
} 

---
Resources:
  myLaunchTemplate:
    Type: AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate
    Properties:
      LaunchTemplateName: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-launch-template
      LaunchTemplateData:
        ImageId: ami-02354e95b3example
        InstanceType: t3.micro
        IamInstanceProfile:
          Name: !Ref myInstanceProfile
        SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref myNewEC2SecurityGroup
        - sg-083cd3bfb8example
        UserData:
          Fn::Base64: !Sub |
            #!/bin/bash
            cd /tmp
            yum install -y https://s3.amazonaws.com/ec2-downloads-windows/SSMAgent/latest/linux_amd64/amazon-ssm-agent.rpm
            systemctl enable amazon-ssm-agent
            systemctl start amazon-ssm-agent
        TagSpecifications:
        - ResourceType: instance
          Tags:
          - Key: environment
            Value: development
        - ResourceType: volume
          Tags:
          - Key: environment
            Value: development
  myInstanceRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      RoleName: InstanceRole
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: '2012-10-17'
        Statement:
        - Effect: 'Allow'
          Principal:
            Service:
            - 'ec2.amazonaws.com'
          Action:
          - 'sts:AssumeRole'
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/myCustomerManagedPolicy'
  myInstanceProfile:
    Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
    Properties:
      Path: '/'
      Roles:
      - !Ref myInstanceRole