
1Module11.ppt
Copyright ??1998-2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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ModuleN.ppt ©1998 – 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8/21/2001 2:33 PM
Multicast Source Discovery
Protocol (MSDP)
Module 11

2Module11.ppt
Copyright ??1998-2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Module11. ppt ©1998 – 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22
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Module Objectives
• Understand the issues relating to Inter-
domain IP Multicast
• Explain fundamental concepts of MSDP
• Identify steps associated with configuring
and debugging MSDP

3Module11.ppt
Copyright ??1998-2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Agenda
• Inter-domain Multicast
– Past & Future
• MSDP Overview
• MSDP Peers
• MSDP Messages
• MSDP Mesh Groups
• MSDP SA Caching
• MSDP Applications

4Module11.ppt
Copyright ??1998-2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Past History
• DVMRP MBONE
– Virtual network overlaid (tunneled) on the
unicast Internet infrastructure
– DVMRP MBONE uses RIP-like routing
– Flood and Prune technology
– Initially instantiated by MROUTED,
and later implemented by various router
vendors
– Very successful in academic circles
• DVMRP MBone
– Historically, the very limited amount of multicast traffic that flowed across
the Internet used DVMRP Tunnels to interconnect multicast enabled
portions of the Internet together.
– Unfortunately, DVMRP basically is an extension to the RIP unicast routing
protocol and has all of the problems associated with RIP as a routing
protocol.
– DVMRP uses a Flood and Prune methodology where traffic is periodically
flooded to every part of the network and pruned back where it is
unwanted.
– The first versions of DVMRP was the “mrouted” program that runs on
Unix platforms. Later implementations of DVMRP were developed by
commercial router vendors.
– Initially, the DVMRP MBone was limited to academic sites and was
managed by a handful of dedicated academic types that kept it running
smoothly. The occasional outages were not considered to be a problem
since the MBone was largely seen as an academic experiment.

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Copyright ??1998-2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Problem
Past History
• DVMRP can’t scale to Internet sizes
– Distance vector-based routing protocol
– Periodic updates
• Full table refresh every 60 seconds
– Table sizes
• Internet > 40,000 prefixes
– Stability
• Hold-down, count-to-infinity, etc.
• DVMRP Problems
– DVMRP has problems scaling to any significant size, particularly to the
size of the Internet. These problems include:
• DVMRP is based on a Distance Vector routing protocol (RIP).
• Periodic updates of the entire routing table are sent every 60 seconds. This
is fine for networks where the routing table is relatively small but is
unthinkable for really large networks such as the Internet were the number
of prefixes (routes) exceed 40,000.
• Distance Vector based protocols suffer from some well know stability issues
including route Holddown, Count-to-Infinity and other problems.