【免费】HAL库函数英文版手册概览资源-CSDN下载

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### HAL库函数手册知识点概述 #### 一、HAL库简介 HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) 库是由意法半导体（STMicroelectronics）为简化STM32系列微控制器开发而提供的一个软件抽象层。该库旨在提供一个通用且易于移植的接口，使开发者能够在不深入了解底层硬件细节的情况下编写应用程序。 #### 二、HAL库的功能与结构 ##### 2.1 HAL库功能 - **通用APIs**：提供一系列通用的功能，适用于所有STM32系列微控制器。 - **扩展APIs**：针对特定系列或型号提供定制化的功能。 - **多实例支持**：支持多个相同类型的外设实例。 - **错误处理**：内置错误检测机制，简化错误处理过程。 - **通信外围设备支持**：提供初始化、配置、数据传输管理等功能。 ##### 2.2 HAL库结构 - **通用APIs**：例如定时器、GPIO等基础功能。 - **扩展APIs**：如高级定时器、ADC等高级功能。 - **中间件层兼容性**：使得中间件层可以在不知道具体MCU使用方式的情况下实现其功能。 - **代码复用性和可移植性**：通过良好的结构设计提高代码的复用性，并确保在不同设备之间的轻松移植。 #### 三、STM32Cube生态系统 STM32Cube 是 STMicroelectronics 的一项倡议，旨在降低开发难度、缩短开发时间和减少成本。它包括以下组成部分： ##### 3.1 STM32CubeMX - **图形化配置工具**：通过图形界面帮助用户快速配置并生成初始化代码。 - **支持广泛MCU型号**：覆盖整个STM32产品线。 ##### 3.2 嵌入式软件平台 - **STM32CubeHAL**：提供了一个用于STM32系列微控制器的抽象层，确保跨整个STM32产品组合的最大化可移植性。 - **中间件组件**：如RTOS、USB、TCP/IP、图形等。 - **实用工具和示例**：提供了一系列实用工具及丰富的示例代码，帮助开发者更快上手。 #### 四、HAL库的实现特点 ##### 4.1 特征导向设计 - **按功能分类**：HAL库中的驱动程序按照所提供的功能进行分类，而不是根据硬件IP进行划分。例如，定时器API被细分为基本定时器、捕获比较、PWM等功能。 - **简化应用实现**：通过将API按照功能分类，简化了应用程序的实现过程。 ##### 4.2 严格的代码标准 - **ANSI-C编写**：HAL库采用严格的ANSI-C标准编写，保证了代码的独立性和可移植性。 - **静态分析**：利用CodeSonarTM等静态分析工具对代码进行检查，确保代码质量和安全性。 #### 五、HAL库的优势 - **代码重用**：通过高度模块化的设计，提高了代码的复用率。 - **简化开发流程**：提供了一套完整的API集，大大简化了应用程序的开发过程。 - **广泛的兼容性**：支持STM32全系列产品，使得开发者可以轻松地在不同的STM32型号之间切换。 - **错误处理简便**：内置错误检测机制，使得错误处理更为简单直观。 ### 结论 HAL库作为STM32Cube生态系统的核心组成部分之一，极大地简化了STM32系列微控制器的开发过程。通过提供一套全面、标准化且易于使用的API集，HAL库不仅提高了代码的复用性和可移植性，还降低了开发门槛，使得即使是初学者也能快速上手。对于专业开发者而言，HAL库同样提供了强大的工具集，有助于加快项目进度并减少潜在的错误。

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February 2015

DOCID027328 Rev 1

1/655

www.st.com

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User manual

Description of STM32F1xx HAL drivers

Introduction

STMCube

is an STMicroelectronics original initiative to ease developers life by reducing development

efforts, time and cost. STM32Cube covers STM32 portfolio.

STM32Cube Version 1.x includes:

 The STM32CubeMX, a graphical software configuration tool that allows generating C initialization

code using graphical wizards.

 A comprehensive embedded software platform, delivered per series (such as STM32CubeF1 for

STM32F1 series)

 The STM32Cube HAL, an STM32 abstraction layer embedded software, ensuring maximized

portability across STM32 portfolio

 A consistent set of middleware components such as RTOS, USB, TCP/IP, Graphics

 All embedded software utilities coming with a full set of examples.

The HAL drivers layer provides a generic multi instance simple set of APIs (application programming

interfaces) to interact with the upper layer (application, libraries and stacks). It is composed of generic

and extension APIs. It is directly built around a generic architecture and allows the built-upon layers,

such as the middleware layer, to implement their functions without knowing in-depth how to use the

MCU. This structure improves the library code reusability and guarantees an easy portability on other

devices.

The HAL drivers include a complete set of ready-to-use APIs which simplify the user application

implementation. As an example, the communication peripherals contain APIs to initialize and configure

the peripheral, to manage data transfers based on polling, to handle interrupts or DMA, and to manage

communication errors.

The HAL drivers APIs are split into two categories: generic APIs which provide common and generic

functions for all the STM32 series and extension APIs which include specific and customized functions

for a given family or part number.

The HAL drivers are feature-oriented instead of IP-oriented. As an example, the timer APIs are split into

several categories following the functions offered by the IP: basic timer, capture, pulse width modulation

(PWM), etc..

The drivers source code is developed in Strict ANSI-C which makes it independent from the

development tools. It is checked with CodeSonar

static analysis tool. It is fully documented and is

MISRA-C 2004 compliant.

The HAL drivers layer implements run-time failure detection by checking the input values of all

functions. Such dynamic checking contributes to enhance the firmware robustness. Run-time detection

is also suitable for user application development and debugging.

This user manual is structured as follows:

 Overview of the HAL drivers

 Detailed description of each peripheral driver: configuration structures, functions, and

how to use the given API to build your application.

Contents

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Contents

1 Acronyms and definitions ............................................................. 36

2 Overview of HAL drivers ............................................................... 38

2.1 HAL and user-application files......................................................... 38

2.1.1 HAL driver files ................................................................................. 38

2.1.2 User-application files ........................................................................ 39

2.2 HAL data structures ........................................................................ 41

2.2.1 Peripheral handle structures ............................................................ 41

2.2.2 Initialization and configuration structure ........................................... 42

2.2.3 Specific process structures .............................................................. 43

2.3 API classification ............................................................................. 43

2.4 Devices supported by HAL drivers .................................................. 44

2.5 HAL drivers rules ............................................................................. 51

2.5.1 HAL API naming rules ...................................................................... 51

2.5.2 HAL general naming rules ................................................................ 52

2.5.3 HAL interrupt handler and callback functions ................................... 53

2.6 HAL generic APIs ............................................................................ 54

2.7 HAL extension APIs ........................................................................ 55

2.7.1 HAL extension model overview ........................................................ 55

2.7.2 HAL extension model cases ............................................................. 55

2.8 File inclusion model ......................................................................... 57

2.9 HAL common resources .................................................................. 58

2.10 HAL configuration ............................................................................ 59

2.11 HAL system peripheral handling ..................................................... 60

2.11.1 Clock ................................................................................................. 60

2.11.2 GPIOs ............................................................................................... 60

2.11.3 Cortex NVIC and SysTick timer ........................................................ 62

2.11.4 PWR ................................................................................................. 62

2.11.5 EXTI .................................................................................................. 62

2.11.6 DMA .................................................................................................. 64

2.12 How to use HAL drivers .................................................................. 66

2.12.1 HAL usage models ........................................................................... 66

2.12.2 HAL initialization ............................................................................... 67

2.12.3 HAL IO operation process ................................................................ 69

2.12.4 Timeout and error management ....................................................... 72

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3 HAL System Driver ........................................................................ 76

3.1 HAL Firmware driver API description .............................................. 76

3.1.1 How to use this driver ....................................................................... 76

3.1.2 Initialization and de-initialization functions ....................................... 76

3.1.3 HAL Control functions....................................................................... 76

3.1.4 HAL_Init ............................................................................................ 77

3.1.5 HAL_DeInit ....................................................................................... 77

3.1.6 HAL_MspInit ..................................................................................... 77

3.1.7 HAL_MspDeInit ................................................................................ 78

3.1.8 HAL_InitTick ..................................................................................... 78

3.1.9 HAL_IncTick ..................................................................................... 78

3.1.10 HAL_GetTick .................................................................................... 78

3.1.11 HAL_Delay ....................................................................................... 78

3.1.12 HAL_SuspendTick ............................................................................ 78

3.1.13 HAL_ResumeTick ............................................................................. 79

3.1.14 HAL_GetHalVersion ......................................................................... 79

3.1.15 HAL_GetREVID ................................................................................ 79

3.1.16 HAL_GetDEVID ................................................................................ 79

3.1.17 HAL_DBGMCU_EnableDBGSleepMode ......................................... 79

3.1.18 HAL_DBGMCU_DisableDBGSleepMode ........................................ 79

3.1.19 HAL_DBGMCU_EnableDBGStopMode ........................................... 80

3.1.20 HAL_DBGMCU_DisableDBGStopMode .......................................... 80

3.1.21 HAL_DBGMCU_EnableDBGStandbyMode ..................................... 80

3.1.22 HAL_DBGMCU_DisableDBGStandbyMode .................................... 80

3.2 HAL Firmware driver defines ........................................................... 81

3.2.1 HAL ................................................................................................... 81

4 HAL ADC Generic Driver ............................................................... 82

4.1 ADC Firmware driver registers structures ....................................... 82

4.1.1 ADC_InitTypeDef .............................................................................. 82

4.1.2 ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef ............................................................. 83

4.1.3 ADC_AnalogWDGConfTypeDef ....................................................... 84

4.1.4 ADC_HandleTypeDef ....................................................................... 84

4.2 ADC Firmware driver API description .............................................. 85

4.2.1 ADC peripheral features ................................................................... 85

4.2.2 How to use this driver ....................................................................... 85

4.2.3 Initialization and de-initialization functions ....................................... 88

4.2.4 IO operation functions ...................................................................... 88

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4.2.5 Peripheral Control functions ............................................................. 89

4.2.6 Peripheral State and Errors functions .............................................. 89

4.2.7 HAL_ADC_Init .................................................................................. 89

4.2.8 HAL_ADC_DeInit .............................................................................. 89

4.2.9 HAL_ADC_MspInit ........................................................................... 90

4.2.10 HAL_ADC_MspDeInit ....................................................................... 90

4.2.11 HAL_ADC_Start ............................................................................... 90

4.2.12 HAL_ADC_Stop ................................................................................ 90

4.2.13 HAL_ADC_PollForConversion ......................................................... 91

4.2.14 HAL_ADC_PollForEvent .................................................................. 91

4.2.15 HAL_ADC_Start_IT .......................................................................... 91

4.2.16 HAL_ADC_Stop_IT .......................................................................... 91

4.2.17 HAL_ADC_Start_DMA ..................................................................... 91

4.2.18 HAL_ADC_Stop_DMA...................................................................... 92

4.2.19 HAL_ADC_GetValue ........................................................................ 92

4.2.20 HAL_ADC_IRQHandler .................................................................... 92

4.2.21 HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback .......................................................... 92

4.2.22 HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback .................................................... 93

4.2.23 HAL_ADC_LevelOutOfWindowCallback .......................................... 93

4.2.24 HAL_ADC_ErrorCallback ................................................................. 93

4.2.25 HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel ............................................................... 93

4.2.26 HAL_ADC_AnalogWDGConfig ........................................................ 94

4.2.27 HAL_ADC_GetState ......................................................................... 94

4.2.28 HAL_ADC_GetError ......................................................................... 94

4.3 ADC Firmware driver defines .......................................................... 94

4.3.1 ADC .................................................................................................. 94

5 HAL ADC Extension Driver ......................................................... 106

5.1 ADCEx Firmware driver registers structures ................................. 106

5.1.1 ADC_InjectionConfTypeDef ........................................................... 106

5.1.2 ADC_MultiModeTypeDef ................................................................ 107

5.2 ADCEx Firmware driver API description ....................................... 108

5.2.1 IO operation functions .................................................................... 108

5.2.2 Peripheral Control functions ........................................................... 109

5.2.3 HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start ...................................................... 109

5.2.4 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart ............................................................ 109

5.2.5 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStop ............................................................. 109

5.2.6 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedPollForConversion ...................................... 109

5.2.7 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart_IT ....................................................... 110

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5.2.8 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStop_IT ....................................................... 110

5.2.9 HAL_ADCEx_MultiModeStart_DMA .............................................. 110

5.2.10 HAL_ADCEx_MultiModeStop_DMA ............................................... 110

5.2.11 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedGetValue ..................................................... 111

5.2.12 HAL_ADCEx_MultiModeGetValue ................................................. 111

5.2.13 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedConvCpltCallback ....................................... 111

5.2.14 HAL_ADCEx_InjectedConfigChannel ............................................ 111

5.2.15 HAL_ADCEx_MultiModeConfigChannel ........................................ 112

5.3 ADCEx Firmware driver defines .................................................... 112

5.3.1 ADCEx ............................................................................................ 112

6 HAL CAN Generic Driver ............................................................. 118

6.1 CAN Firmware driver registers structures ..................................... 118

6.1.1 CAN_InitTypeDef ............................................................................ 118

6.1.2 CanTxMsgTypeDef ......................................................................... 118

6.1.3 CanRxMsgTypeDef ........................................................................ 119

6.1.4 CAN_HandleTypeDef ..................................................................... 120

6.2 CAN Firmware driver API description ............................................ 120

6.2.1 How to use this driver ..................................................................... 120

6.2.2 Initialization and de-initialization functions ..................................... 121

6.2.3 IO operation functions .................................................................... 122

6.2.4 Peripheral State and Error functions .............................................. 122

6.2.5 HAL_CAN_Init ................................................................................ 122

6.2.6 HAL_CAN_ConfigFilter................................................................... 122

6.2.7 HAL_CAN_DeInit ............................................................................ 123

6.2.8 HAL_CAN_MspInit ......................................................................... 123

6.2.9 HAL_CAN_MspDeInit ..................................................................... 123

6.2.10 HAL_CAN_Transmit ....................................................................... 123

6.2.11 HAL_CAN_Transmit_IT .................................................................. 123

6.2.12 HAL_CAN_Receive ........................................................................ 124

6.2.13 HAL_CAN_Receive_IT ................................................................... 124

6.2.14 HAL_CAN_Sleep ............................................................................ 124

6.2.15 HAL_CAN_WakeUp ....................................................................... 124

6.2.16 HAL_CAN_IRQHandler .................................................................. 125

6.2.17 HAL_CAN_TxCpltCallback ............................................................. 125

6.2.18 HAL_CAN_RxCpltCallback ............................................................ 125

6.2.19 HAL_CAN_ErrorCallback ............................................................... 125

6.2.20 HAL_CAN_GetState ....................................................................... 126

6.2.21 HAL_CAN_GetError ....................................................................... 126

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