fenshujisuanqi.rar_小数 分数

/* Rick Woods Last edited: 2/14/02 Fractions class - header file--分数类头文件*/ #ifndef _TGR_FRACTIONS_H #define _TGR_FRACTIONS_H #include <iostream.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> //#include <bool.h> #include <string.h> class fraction //分数类定义 { public: fraction(); //constructors fraction(int initn, int initd); //accessors int numerator() const; //取分子，const成员函数，不能修改数据成员 int denominator() const; //取分母 double decimal() const; //将分数转换为对应的小数 fraction absval() const; //分数的绝对值 //modifiers void setnum(int newnum); //设置分子 void setden(int newden); //设置分母 void simplify(); //约分 void recip(); //分子分母转置 const fraction & operator+= (int rhs); private: int n; int d; }; //free (nonmember) functions //miscellany int GCF(int x, int y); //求x,y的最大公因子 //addition operators fraction operator+ (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); fraction operator+ (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); //subtraction operators fraction operator- (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); fraction operator- (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); //multiplication operators fraction operator* (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); fraction operator* (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); //division operators fraction operator/ (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); fraction operator/ (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); //power operator fraction operator^ (const fraction &base, fraction exp); //把指数化为分母为1的分数进行相关运算 //^（幂）运算符重载 //comparison operators bool operator== (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator!= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator>= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator<= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator> (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator< (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs); bool operator== (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); bool operator!= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); bool operator>= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); bool operator<= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); bool operator> (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); bool operator< (const fraction &lhs, int rhs); // I/O operators/functions ostream & operator<< (ostream &os, const fraction &f); // 输出运算符重载 istream & operator>> (istream &is, fraction &f); // 输入运算符重载 void PrintAsMixed(ostream &os, const fraction &f); #endif /* fraction.cpp Rick Woods Last edited: 2/14/02 Fractions class - implementation file--分数类执行文件开始*/ fraction::fraction() : n(0), d(1) {} // 缺省构造函数（=0/1） fraction::fraction(int initn, int initd) : n(initn), d(initd) {} int fraction::numerator() const // 取分子 { return n; } int fraction::denominator() const { return d; } double fraction::decimal() const { return double(n) / double(d); } fraction fraction::absval() const { fraction returnValue(abs(n), abs(d)); return returnValue; } void fraction::setnum(int newnum) { n = newnum; } void fraction::setden(int newden) { if(newden != 0) d = newden; else { cout << "Error: Attemted to set denominator to zero!\n" << "Press any key to terminate"; getch(); abort(); } } void fraction::simplify() { int r = GCF(n, d); n /= r; d /= r; } void fraction::recip() { int temp = n; n = d; d = temp; } const fraction & fraction::operator+= (int rhs) { fraction newrhs(rhs, 1); return (*this + newrhs); } int GCF(int x, int y) // 辗转相除求x,y的最大公约数 { int r = x%y; if(r==0) return y; else return GCF(y, r); } fraction operator+ (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { fraction sum; int newnum = (lhs.numerator() * rhs.denominator()) +(rhs.numerator() * lhs.denominator()); int newden = (lhs.denominator() * rhs.denominator()); sum.setnum(newnum); sum.setden(newden); sum.simplify(); return sum; } fraction operator+ (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { fraction newrhs(rhs, 1); return lhs + newrhs; } fraction operator- (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { fraction newrhs = rhs; newrhs.setnum(-rhs.numerator()); return lhs + newrhs; } fraction operator- (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { fraction newrhs(rhs, -1); return lhs + newrhs; } fraction operator* (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { fraction product; int newnum = lhs.numerator() * rhs.numerator(); int newden = lhs.denominator() * rhs.denominator(); product.setnum(newnum); product.setden(newden); product.simplify(); return product; } fraction operator* (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { fraction prod(lhs.numerator() * rhs, lhs.denominator()); prod.simplify(); return prod; } fraction operator/ (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { if(rhs == 0) { cout << "Error: Division by zero attempted!\n" << "Press any key to terminate"; getch(); abort(); } fraction newrhs = rhs; newrhs.recip(); return lhs * newrhs; } fraction operator/ (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { if(rhs == 0) { cout << "Error: Division by zero attempted!\n" << "Press any key to terminate"; getch(); abort(); } fraction quot(lhs.numerator(), lhs.denominator() * rhs); quot.simplify(); return quot; } fraction operator^ (const fraction &base, fraction exp) { fraction returnValue; returnValue.setnum(pow(base.numerator(), exp.numerator())); returnValue.setden(pow(base.denominator(), exp.numerator())); return returnValue; } bool operator== (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() == rhs.decimal(); } bool operator!= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() != rhs.decimal(); } bool operator>= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() >= rhs.decimal(); } bool operator<= (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() <= rhs.decimal(); } bool operator> (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() > rhs.decimal(); } bool operator< (const fraction &lhs, const fraction &rhs) { return lhs.decimal() < rhs.decimal(); } bool operator== (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() == rhs; } bool operator!= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() != rhs; } bool operator>= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() >= rhs; } bool operator<= (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() <= rhs; } bool operator> (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() > rhs; } bool operator< (const fraction &lhs, int rhs) { return lhs.decimal() < rhs; } ostream & operator<< (ostream &os, const fraction &f) { fraction temp = f.absval(); int numer = f.numerator(); int denom = f.denominator(); if((!((numer > 0 && denom > 0) // This extremely complex and seemingly || (numer < 0 && denom < 0))) // useless if statement tests to see if && f != 0) // fraction f is negative. os << '-'; if(temp.numerator() == 0 || temp.denominator() == 1) os << temp.numerator(); else os << temp.numerator() << '/' << temp.denominator(); return os; } istream & operator>> (istream &is, fraction &f) // is:输入流，f:待输入的分数 { int newnum, newden; char slash = ' '; do { is >> newnum >> slash >> newden; } while(slash != '/'); f.setnum(newnum); f.setden(newden); return is; } // 将分数f按整数，真分数格式输出到流os void PrintAsMixed(ostream &os, const fraction &f) { int wholePart = f.numerator() / f.denominator(); fraction fracPart = f - wholePart; if(wholePart != 0) cout << wholePart << " "; if(fracPa