
A l t e r n a t i v e
T r a n s i e n t s
P r o g r a m
( A T P )
R u l e B o o k
Copyright © 1987-92 by Canadian / American EMTP User Group
All rights reserved by ( for details contact ) :
Canadian / American EMTP User Group ; Co - Chairmen :
Dr. W . Scott Meyer Dr. Tsu - huei Liu
The Fontaine , Unit 6B 3179 Oak Tree Court
1220 N.E. 17-th Avenue West Linn , Oregon 97068
Portland , Oregon 97232 United States of America


Rulebook ATP (junio 1996 - internet) H01
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0. Table of Contents
No page numbers accompany the chapters and sections listed below
because such numbers are methodically generated from the given
information. This is most easily explained by illustration. Section
I-D is seen to concern the SUBROUTINE CIMAGE, which would begin on
page number 1D-1. The following page would be numbered 1D-2,
etc. This assumes that there is sufficient material to warrant two
levels of independence (Chapter I, Section D). Some chapters are
so short that sections are not warranted, in which case the letter
in the middle will be omitted. For example, the references of
Chapter XXV begin on page 25-1, followed by page 25-2, etc. In rare
cases there may be three levels of categorization. For example,
Section IV-D-3 will begin on page 4D3-1, followed by page 4D3-2, etc.
I. General Introductory Information About ATP Version of EMTP
A. Background of ATP; user groups; ATP education
1. History of royalty-free EMTP Development
2. Learning to use ATP; user groups; newsletters; E-mail
B. Development centers for ATP
C. Summary program capability; ways execution begins
D. $-cards of SUBROUTINE CIMAGE
E. Computer-dependent aspects and alternatives:
1. Summary of installation-dependent EMTP modules
2. STARTUP disk file for program initialization
3. STARTSPY disk file for program initialization
F. Different computer systems, specific details for all brands
G. Variable dimensioning and Dynamic Dimensioning
H. FORTRAN data format specifications
I. Structure of EMTP input data
J. EMTP data sorting by class (use of "/" cards)
K. $INCLUDE use for data modularization (including arguments)
L. Separate interactive plotting programs:
1. TPPLOT for sophisticated, single-window, plotting
2. WINDOWPLT for simpler, multiple-window, plotting
II. Cards that Begin a New Data Case
A. Special-request cards having key words
B. Miscellaneous data cards
C. Extensions to miscellaneous data cards
III. TACS and MODELS to Simulate Control Systems
A. Purpose of TACS
B. Summary of TACS capability
C. How to simulate what
D. TACS steady-state initialization rules
E. TACS elements and card formats
1. Transfer functions or S-blocks
2. Limiters
3. Signal sources
4. Supplemental variables and devices
5. TACS output-variable specification
6. TACS user-defined initial conditions
F. MODELS : more powerful, flexible, and newer than TACS
ADOLFO DELGADOIV. Branch Cards to Model Linear Elements
A. Branch card for lumped, series R, L, C
B. Branch cards for Pi-circuits
C. Branch cards for mutually-coupled R-L elements
D. Branch cards for distributed-parameter transmission lines
1. Constant-parameter model with constant [T]

Rulebook ATP (junio 1996 - internet) H01
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2. Constant-parameter, double-circuit model with special [T]
3. Rigorous, frequency-dependent model (Jose Marti)
4. 2nd-order, recursive-convolution model (Semlyen)
E Saturable transformer component
F. Branch input using "CASCADED PI" feature
V. Branch Cards to Model Single-Phase Nonlinear Elements
A. Pseudo-nonlinear resistance R(i) (type-99 branch)
B. Pseudo-nonlinear reactor L(i) (type-98 branch)
C. Staircase time-varying resistance R(t) (type-97 branch)
D. Pseudo-nonlinear hysteretic reactor L(i) (type-96 branch)
E. Exponential ZnO surge arrester R(i) (type-92; "5555")
F. Piecewise-linear time-vary resistor R(t) (type-91; "3333")
G. True-nonlinear resistance R(i) (type-92; "4444")
H. True nonlinear inductance L(i) (type-93 branch)
I. Circuit breaker or electric arc R(t,i) (type-91; "TACS")
J. User-supplied FORTRAN for compensation (Type-93; FORTRAN)
K. Corona modeling for cascaded line sections ("CORONA MODEL" )
VI. Switch Cards ( Including Thyristors and Diodes )
A. Time, voltage, current-controlled switches
B. Diode or thyristor (TACS-controlled, type-11)
C. Spark gap or triac (TACS-controlled, type-12)
D. TACS-controlled ordinary switch (type-13)
VII. Electric Network Source Cards (Other than Rotating Machinery)
A. Static electric network source functions
B. Type-16 simplified equivalent of hvdc converter
VIII. Dynamic Synchronous Machine (3-phase S.M.; Type-59) Cards
IX. Dynamic Universal Machine (U.M.; Type-19) Cards
X. EMTP Load Flow Cards (for "FIX SOURCE" Usage)
XI. Cards to Override Initial Conditions of the Electric Network
XII. Cards to Request Electric Network Output Variables
XIII. Source Type-1 Definitions (for each time step )
XIV. Batch-Mode Plotting of Resulting Simulation
XV. Request Cards for Statistical Tabulations
XVI. Interactive Execution, Observation, and Control (SPY)
A. Initiating EMTP execution that includes SPY
B. Opportunities for SPY dialogue: the keyboard interrupt
C. SPY commands explained according to general function
1. Loading and/or changing EMTP data cards via SPY
2. SPY commands to halt or resume program execution
3. SPY commands to observe EMTP tables: BUS, BRANCH, etc.
4. "PLOT" for vector or character plots during execution
5. Command files: @K, FILES, COMMENT, VERIFY, TYPE
6. EMTP variables: EXAMINE, NAMES, ROLL, LIST, FIND, DEPOSIT
7. Table dumping/restoring: SAVE, RESTORE, SLEEP, WAKE, WHEN
8. "DICE" for statistical tabulation of Monte Carlo simulations
9. Mathematics within command files: "APPEND"
10. "RAMP" & "SERIES" for continuous linear parameter variations
11. Utilities: HEADING, TIME, SIZE, LIMIT, HONK, ECHO, WAIT, $
12. "TACS" : gateway to Concurrent Sequential Processing (CSP)
13. Servicing [Y] changes: YFORM, NOY, FACTOR, NOF

Rulebook ATP (junio 1996 - internet) H01
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D. Batch-mode execution of SPY commands: $SPY and $SPYEND
E. Use of SPY "PLOT" instead of separate program "TPLOT"
XVII. "JMARTI SETUP" Supporting Program
XVIII. "NODA SETUP" Supporting Program --- not yet available
XIX. All Fixed-Dimension Supporting Programs
A. "XFORMER" to derive [R], [L] of 1-phase transformers
B. "OBSERVE PARALLEL MONTE CARLO" for parallel "STATISTICS"
C. "BCTRAN" to derive [R], [L] of multi-phase transformers
D. "CHANGE SWITCH" to process former switch cards
E. "OLD TO NEW ZNO" to update pre-"M39." ZnO data cards
F. "DATA BASE MODULE" to modularize for $INCLUDE arguments
G. "SATURATION" for magnetic saturation calculations
H. "HYSTERESIS" to punch Type-96 branch cards
I. "ZNO FITTER" to punch Type-92 ZnO branch cards
XXI. "LINE CONSTANTS" Supporting Program
XXII. "SEMLYEN SETUP" Supporting Program
XXIII. "CABLE CONSTANTS" Supporting Program
XXIV. "NETWORK EQUIVALENT" for Supporting Program "NETEQV"
XXV. Associated Reference Material
XXVI. Index of Alphabetically-Ordered References
I. Introductory Information About Program
=====================================================================
© Copyright 1987-1995 by the Can/Am EMTP User Group. All rights reserved.
=====================================================================
No part of either this manual or the associated computer program (ATP
version of the EMTP) may be reproduced in any form, using cards, paper,
microfilm, magnetic media, or any other means, without written permission from
the Canadian/American (Can/Am) EMTP User Group. Further, such materials have
restricted circulation, and their informational content shall not be released to
third parties.
The content of this manual, the associated computer program, and all other
ATP EMTP materials, are all made available for use by others without any
guarantee of usefulness, accuracy, fidelity, or completeness. No author,
licensing agent, or authorized distributor will be held responsible for any
damages that might possibly result from the use or misuse of ATP EMTP materials
for any purpose. The user is solely responsibility for any damages that might
possibly result from the use or misuse of ATP EMTP materials for any purpose.
I-A. Background of ATP; User Groups; Education
The Electromagnetic Transients Program, or EMTP (pronounced by naming the
four letters sequentially), is primarily a simulation program of the electric
power industry. It can predict variables of interest within electric power
networks as functions of time, typically following some disturbance such as the
switching of a circuit breaker, or a fault. It also is used by those who
specialize in power electronics.
EMTP has its roots in Portland, Oregon (USA), at the Bonneville Power
Administration (BPA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. Thanks to
generous contributions of both manpower and money (the latter to support
specialists working on EMTP research and development under contract), BPA
dominated EMTP development for more than a decade. This was all public-domain
work, and it was given freely to any interested party. This was prior to
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