活动介绍

802-1ag-d8-nocb.pdf

preview
试读
248页
802.1
5星 · 超过95%的资源 需积分: 0 59 下载量 149 浏览量 更新于2008-06-04 1 收藏 2.36MB PDF 举报
### 802.1ag EthOAM：端到端OAM解决方案 #### 一、概述 802.1ag标准是IEEE针对局域网（LAN）与城域网（MAN）中桥接网络（Bridged Networks）的连接性故障管理制定的一项技术规范。该标准定义了用于支持连接性故障管理的协议、程序和管理对象，能够帮助网络管理员发现并验证指定网络用户在通过桥接设备或局域网传输数据帧时所经过的路径，并能检测及隔离到特定的桥接设备或局域网上的连接性故障。 #### 二、背景与目的 随着局域网和城域网规模的不断扩大以及复杂性的增加，确保网络中各个节点之间的连通性变得越来越重要。传统的网络管理方法通常依赖于人工干预和经验判断，这不仅效率低下，而且容易出现错误。为了解决这些问题，IEEE提出了802.1ag标准，旨在为网络提供一种自动化的故障检测和隔离机制，从而提高网络的可靠性和可维护性。 #### 三、关键技术点 ##### 1. 连接性故障管理（Connectivity Fault Management） - **目的**：通过一系列机制来识别网络中的连接故障，并将这些故障定位到具体的桥接设备或局域网段。 - **实现方式**：利用特定的协议和管理对象，能够在无需人工干预的情况下自动完成故障检测和隔离过程。 ##### 2. 桥接设备（Bridges） - **定义**：在网络中负责转发数据帧的设备，通常用于连接多个局域网段。 - **作用**：在802.1ag标准中，桥接设备扮演着重要的角色，因为它们是连接性故障检测的主要目标之一。 ##### 3. MAC桥接（MAC Bridging） - **概念**：MAC桥接是一种基于MAC地址表进行数据帧转发的技术。 - **功能**：在802.1ag中，MAC桥接技术被用来实现对网络连接性的监控和管理。 ##### 4. 虚拟局域网（VLANs） - **定义**：虚拟局域网是一种逻辑上划分局域网的方法。 - **作用**：在802.1ag标准中，VLAN可以用来进一步细化故障检测的范围，从而更加精确地定位问题所在。 ##### 5. OAM（Operation, Administration, and Maintenance） - **概念**：OAM是一组用于网络操作、管理和维护的功能集合。 - **应用**：802.1ag中的OAM功能主要用于实现连接性故障的自动检测与隔离。 #### 四、应用场景 802.1ag标准适用于多种网络环境，特别是对于大型企业网络、数据中心以及服务提供商网络等复杂场景具有重要意义。通过实施802.1ag，网络管理员可以更高效地管理和维护网络连接性，减少因故障导致的服务中断时间，提高整个网络系统的稳定性和可靠性。 #### 五、总结 IEEE 802.1ag标准是一项重要的网络管理技术，它通过提供一套完整的连接性故障管理方案，极大地简化了网络故障的检测与隔离流程。该标准的应用不仅有助于提升网络运维人员的工作效率，还能有效降低网络维护成本，对于构建稳定可靠的网络基础设施具有不可替代的作用。
Copyright © 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Three Park Avenue
New York, New York 10016-5997, USA
All rights reserved.
This document is an unapproved draft of a proposed IEEE Standard. As such, this document is subject to change. USE AT
YOUR OWN RISK! Because this is an unapproved draft, this document must not be utilized for any conformance/
compliance purposes. Permission is hereby granted for IEEE Standards Committee participants to reproduce this document
for purposes of international standardization consideration. Prior to adoption of this document, in whole or in part, by
another standards development organization permission must first be obtained from the Manager, Standards Intellectual
Property, IEEE Standards Activities Department. Other entities seeking permission to reproduce this document, in whole or
in part, must obtain permission from the Manager, Standards Intellectual Property, IEEE Standards Activities Department.
IEEE Standards Activities Department
Manager, Standards Intellectual Property
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
IEEE P802.1ag/D8
DRAFT Amendment to IEEE Std 802.1Q -2005
as amended by IEEE Std 802.1ad-2005
February 8, 2007
IEEE P802.1ag/D8
Draft Standard for
Local and Metropolitan Area Networks —
Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks
— Amendment 5:
Connectivity Fault Management
Sponsor
LAN MAN Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
Prepared by the Interworking Task Group of IEEE 802.1
Abstract: This amendment specifies protocols, procedures, and managed objects to support
connectivity fault management. These allow discovery and verification of the path, through bridges
and LANs, taken for frames addressed to and from specified network users. Connectivity faults can
be detected and isolated to an individual bridge or LAN.
Keywords: local area networks, LANs, metropolitan area networks, MANs, transparent bridging,
MAC Bridges, VLANs, OAM, fault management.
Copyright © 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Three Park Avenue
New York, New York 10016-5997, USA
All rights reserved.
This document is an unapproved draft of a proposed IEEE Standard. As such, this document is subject to change. USE AT
YOUR OWN RISK! Because this is an unapproved draft, this document must not be utilized for any conformance/
compliance purposes. Permission is hereby granted for IEEE Standards Committee participants to reproduce this document
for purposes of international standardization consideration. Prior to adoption of this document, in whole or in part, by
another standards development organization permission must first be obtained from the Manager, Standards Intellectual
Property, IEEE Standards Activities Department. Other entities seeking permission to reproduce this document, in whole or
in part, must obtain permission from the Manager, Standards Intellectual Property, IEEE Standards Activities Department.
IEEE Standards Activities Department
Manager, Standards Intellectual Property
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
IEEE P802.1ag/D8
February 8, 2007
IEEE P802.1ag/D8
Draft Standard for
Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—
Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks
— Amendment 5:
Connectivity Fault Management
Sponsor
LAN MAN Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
Prepared by the Interworking Task Group of IEEE 802.1
Abstract: This amendment specifies protocols, procedures, and managed objects to support
connectivity fault management. These allow discovery and verification of the path, through bridges
and LANs, taken for frames addressed to and from specified network users. Connectivity faults can
be detected and isolated to an individual bridge or LAN.
Keywords: local area networks, LANs, metropolitan area networks, MANs, transparent bridging,
MAC Bridges, VLANs, OAM, fault management.
ii Copyright © 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved.
This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.
IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the
IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus develop-
ment process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied
viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve with-
out compensation. While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus devel-
opment process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information contained
in its standards.
Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The IEEE disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other dam-
age, of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting
from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this, or any other IEEE Standard document.
The IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained herein, and expressly disclaims
any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose, or that
the use of the material contained herein is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards documents are supplied “AS IS.”
The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market,
or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the
time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and
comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every five years for revi-
sion or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not been reaffirmed, it is reasonable to conclude
that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check
to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard.
In publishing and making this document available, the IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services
for, or on behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is the IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or
entity to another. Any person utilizing this, and any other IEEE Standards document, should rely upon the advice of a com-
petent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.
Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate to specific
applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare
appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any
interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its soci-
eties and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in
those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration.
Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliation with
IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate
supporting comments. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:
Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board
445 Hoes Lane
P.O. Box 1331
Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331
USA
IEEE is the sole entity that may authorize the use of certification marks, trademarks, or other designations to indicate com-
pliance with the materials set forth herein.
Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To
arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive,
Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational
classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.
Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mat-
ter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or
validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents
for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or
scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.
Connectivity Fault Management IEEE P802.1ag/D8
February 8, 2007
Copyright © 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved.
iii
This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
Introduction to IEEE Std. 802.1ag™
The MAC Bridge standardization activities that resulted in the development of IEEE Std. 802.1D-2004
introduced the concept of Filtering Services in Bridged Local Area Networks, mechanisms whereby filtering
information in such LANs can be acquired and held in a Filtering Database, as well as support for expedited
data, dynamic filtering of Group MAC addresses through the GMRP protocol, and the GARP protocol that
supports GMRP and can support other applications.
IEEE Std. 802.1Q, 2005 Edition, a revision of IEEE Std. 802.1Q-1998, defines mechanisms that allow the
implementation of Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks, including:
a) Virtual LAN Services;
b) The operation of the Forwarding Process that is required;
c) The structure of the Filtering Database that is required;
d) The nature of the protocols and procedures that are required in order to provide Virtual LAN
services, including the definition of the frame formats used to represent VLAN identification
information, and the procedures used in order to insert and remove VLAN identifiers and the
headers in which they are carried;
e) The ability to support end-to-end signaling of priority information regardless of the intrinsic ability
of the underlying MAC protocols to signal priority information;
f) The GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) that allows distribution and registration of VLAN
membership information (the protocol described makes use of the GARP protocol defined in IEEE
Std. 802.1D-2004);
g) The management services and operations that are required in order to configure and administer
networks;
h) The ability to restrict Dynamic Group and VLAN registration based on the contents of static
filtering entries;
i) VLAN classification according to link layer protocol type;
j) Support for VLANs carried over multiple Spanning Tree instances.
IEEE Std. 802.1ad, 2005 Edition, a revision of IEEE Std. 802.1Q-2005, defines mechanisms that allow the
implementation of Provider Bridged Networks, including:
k) The differentiation between Service VLANs (S-VLANs), identified by a new S-VLAN tag, and
customer VLANs (C-VLANs), identified by the IEEE Std. 802.1Q-2005 tag;
l) The encapsulation of C-VLAN tags within S-VLAN tags, in order to allow a service provider to
carry some or all of a customer’s C-VLANs within a single S-VLAN;
m) The provision of two levels of drop precedence separate from the priority levels of IEEE Std.
802.1D-2004, and the replacement of the Canonical Format Indicator of the C-VLAN tag by a Drop
Eligible Indicator in the S-VLAN tag to carry the drop precedence;
n) The passing of certain of the customers’ control PDUs, including IEEE Std. 802.1AB-2005 LLDP
PDUs and IEEE Std. 802.1Q-2005 Bridge PDUs, transparently through the Provider Bridged
Network as ordinary data;
o) The reassignment of MAC addresses used for control PDUs, including BPDUs, for use by Provider
Bridges;
p) The definition of C-VLAN components, added to Provider Bridge Ports to provide the functions
necessary to support the allocation of C-VLANs to S-VLANs, to map priorities between networks,
and to interact with the customers’ control protocols; and
q) The managed objects necessary to control these functions.
This Standard provides Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) capabilities useful to Virtual Bridged Local
Area Networks for detecting, isolating, and reporting connectivity faults. It is aimed primarily at Provider
Bridged Networks, but is useful also for C-VLAN networks. The mechanisms defined in this Standard
include:
Connectivity Fault Management IEEE P802.1ag/D8
February 8, 2007
Copyright © 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved.
iv
This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
r) The ability to configure multiple nested Maintenance Domains over a Bridged Network or a
network of Bridged Networks, each potentially managed by a different administrative organization;
s) The ability to configure Maintenance Associations (MAs), each identified with a single
Maintenance Domain, and on any given Bridge, a set of VLANs;
t) The protocols, procedures, and CFM Protocol Data Unit (CFM PDU) formats required to detect,
isolate, and report connectivity faults;
u) The ability, within an MA, to configure and manage Maintenance Points (MPs) that generate and
respond to CFM PDUs; and
v) The ability to command MPs to perform certain fault isolation operations, and to inspect the results.
CFM is not to be confused with the Ethernet OAM capabilities described in IEEE Std. 802.3-2005,
Clause 57, Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM). 802.3 OAM is concerned with detecting
and reporting faults on a single point-to-point IEEE Std. 802.3 LAN. IEEE Std. 802.1ag is concerned with
detecting, isolating, and reporting connectivity faults spanning networks comprising multiple LANs,
including LANs other than IEEE Std. 802.3 media.
This standard contains state-of-the-art material. The area covered by this standard is undergoing evolution.
Revisions are anticipated within the next few years to clarify existing material, to correct possible errors, and
to incorporate new related material. Information on the current revision state of this and other IEEE 802
standards can be obtained from
Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board
445 Hoes Lane
P.O. Box 1331
Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331
USA

剩余247页未读，继续阅读

身份认证 购VIP最低享 7 折!
30元优惠券
资源推荐
资源评论
zhupinghey
  • 粉丝: 1
上传资源 快速赚钱
voice
center-task 前往需求广场，查看用户热搜

最新资源