spring学习（16）:使用接口

于 2019-11-01 08:52:46 发布
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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
分类专栏： # 歌谣---后端学习java--spring
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43392489/article/details/102825411
本文详细介绍了如何在Spring框架中整合配置，并使用Spring Test进行单元测试。通过具体的代码示例，展示了如何创建UserService类，注入依赖，以及如何在测试类中使用SpringJUnit4ClassRunner和ContextConfiguration注解来加载配置并测试UserService的功能。

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目录结构

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.geyao</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring01geyao</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

userService类

package com.geyao.demo.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = Appconfig.class)
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void  testAdd(){
        userService.add();
    }
}

UserServiceNormal类 

package com.geyao.demo.service.com.geyao.demo.service.impl;

import com.geyao.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UserServiceNormal implements UserService {

    public void add(){
        System.out.println("添加用户");
    }

}

Appconfig类

package com.geyao.demo.service;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class Appconfig {
}

 

UserServiceTest类
package com.geyao.demo.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = Appconfig.class)
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void  testAdd(){
        userService.add();
    }
}

 

运行结果

[INFO ] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,549 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.getTestExecutionListeners(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:187)
Using TestExecutionListeners: [org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener@67b467e9, org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@47db50c5, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener@5c072e3f]添加用户
[INFO ] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,709 method:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.prepareRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@6c3f5566: startup date [Wed Oct 30 19:11:09 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,736 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,736 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,763 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:09,767 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor'
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils$1 (file:/C:/Users/geyao/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/4.3.13.RELEASE/spring-core-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar) to method java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(java.lang.String,byte[],int,int,java.security.ProtectionDomain)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils$1
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,068 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,068 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,069 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,120 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,121 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,121 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,124 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,131 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,139 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:730)
Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@6356695f: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,appconfig,userServiceNormal,userService.Appconfig]; root of factory hierarchy
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,140 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,141 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,141 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,142 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,142 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,149 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,155 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,155 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,156 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,158 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,162 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,162 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,162 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,163 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'appconfig' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,168 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,168 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'userServiceNormal'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,169 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'userServiceNormal'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,169 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'userServiceNormal' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,172 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'userServiceNormal'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,174 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221)
Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'userService.Appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,174 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449)
Creating instance of bean 'userService.Appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,174 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
Eagerly caching bean 'userService.Appconfig' to allow for resolving potential circular references
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,179 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)
Finished creating instance of bean 'userService.Appconfig'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,181 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,246 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'lifecycleProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,255 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:86)
Processing injected element of bean 'com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest': AutowiredFieldElement for private com.geyao.demo.service.UserService com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest.userService
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,261 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'userServiceNormal'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,262 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.registerDependentBeans(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:535)
Autowiring by type from bean name 'com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest' to bean named 'userServiceNormal'
[INFO ] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,272 method:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:984)
Closing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@6c3f5566: startup date [Wed Oct 30 19:11:09 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,274 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251)
Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'lifecycleProcessor'
[DEBUG] 2019-10-30 19:11:10,274 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:512)
Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@6356695f: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,appconfig,userServiceNormal,userService.Appconfig]; root of factory hierarchy
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