Prajeet Kumar

Just one message to all companies: Stop expecting SDE-2 level skills from a fresher. They are freshers for a reason. They’re not supposed to have: → 3 years of production-level experience → Expertise in system design → End-to-end ownership of complex architectures What they should have is: ✅ Curiosity to learn ✅ Basic problem-solving skills ✅ The ability to adapt & grow with mentorship The truth is — freshers aren’t meant to replace senior engineers. They’re meant to learn from them. They’re the investment that grows into tomorrow’s senior engineers. So instead of rejecting them for “lack of experience,” give them a chance to prove their potential. Because talent without opportunity is like code without execution — it never gets to run. I share actionable advice for freshers and early-career developers here and on YouTube : https://lnkd.in/gT7acAgd If you’re a fresher looking to navigate your career, follow along. - Abhay Singh

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Frequently Asked Interview Questions - SDE (Java/Spring Boot) Compensation Bracket: ₹25–30 LPA 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗝𝗮𝘃𝗮 - How does ConcurrentHashMap achieve thread safety internally? - Difference between wait(), sleep(), and join() in threads. - Explain the class loading mechanism in Java (Bootstrap, Extension, Application classloader). - How does equals() differ from ==? Why should you override hashCode() along with equals()? - How does Garbage Collection work in the JVM? - Explain volatile and synchronized in multithreading - Deep copy vs Shallow copy - Difference between Checked vs Unchecked exceptions. - Explain ThreadLocal with a use case. - Scenario Based: You are building a payment gateway system where multiple transactions are processed in parallel. How would you ensure thread safety when updating the user’s account balance? 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 & 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗕𝗼𝗼𝘁 - Difference between @Bean and @Component. - What is AOP (Aspect-Oriented Programming)? Real-world use case? - How does Spring handle circular dependencies? - How to secure REST APIs (JWT, OAuth2)? - How does Spring Boot auto-configuration work? - How does Spring Boot manage externalized configuration (application.properties vs application.yml)? - What is the difference between ApplicationContext and BeanFactory? - Scenario Based: You are designing an order management system where inventory update, payment deduction, and invoice generation must happen as independent services. How would you use Spring events / AOP to achieve this? 𝗝𝗣𝗔 / 𝗛𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗲 - Difference between get() and load() in Hibernate. - How does Hibernate manage caching (1st level vs 2nd level cache)? - How do you handle optimistic vs pessimistic locking in JPA? - Explain dirty checking in Hibernate. - Entity lifecycle states (Transient, Persistent, Detached, Removed) - Scenario Based: You have a product catalog service where multiple users can update stock quantity at the same time. How would you use JPA locking to prevent inconsistent data? 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 - Design an e-commerce order tracking system. - Design a Rate limiter. - Design a URL shortener - Design a distributed key-value store like Redis. - Design a user authentication system. 𝗜 𝗵𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗮 𝗱𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 𝗚𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲: https://lnkd.in/dte69Z5N Stay Hungry, Stay FoolisH!

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𝗜𝗳 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝘄𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗰𝗿𝗮𝗰𝗸 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗻𝗲𝘅𝘁 𝟱 𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗵𝘀, 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝗻𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗿𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗺𝗮𝗽 𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗲𝗻𝗱: 1️⃣ Arrays & Strings (must-know patterns) → Sliding window, two-pointer techniques → Classic problems like longest substring, pair sums 2️⃣ Linked Lists (classic interview favorite) → Reverse, merge, detect cycles → Palindrome check and middle element 3️⃣ Heap (priority-based problems) → Core heap concepts → Top-K problems and scheduling challenges 4️⃣ Trees & Graphs (the tricky but essential part) → DFS & BFS traversal → Shortest paths and graph connectivity 5️⃣ Matrix Problems (common in MAANG rounds) → Grid traversal challenges → Optimized search and pathfinding problems 6️⃣ Bit Manipulation (build strong intuition) → XOR tricks, bit shifts → Setting, unsetting, toggling bits ⚡ Focus should always be on 𝗽𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗽𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗼𝗹𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗺𝘀, not just watching solutions. Let me know if you think I missed a key step, or if you have great resources to add! ♻️ Found this useful? Repost it! ➕ Follow Rahul Choudhary for more daily insights on how to grow your career in tech. LeetCode JavaScript Mastery #LeetCode #DSA #CodingInterview #Freshers #TechPrep #SoftwareEngineering #ProductBasedCompanies #CrackTheCode #PlacementPreparation #TechCareers #datastructures #programming #coding #programmer #algorithm #java #datastructure #python #javascript #coder #computerscience #algorithms #datastructuresandalgorithms #codinglife #coders #webdevelopment #software #dsa #codingbootcamp #developer #learn #programmers #softwaredeveloper #datascience #technology #with #programminglife #re #programmingmemes #html #DSA, #DataStructures, #Algorithms, #Python, #PythonProgramming, #Coding #Programming.

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In my 4+ years as an SDE across two top PBCs, 1 lesson will always stand out 👇 ❌ SDE interviews can’t be cracked by solving 500+ random problems. ✅ They’re about spotting the right pattern. Sliding windows, fast-slow pointers, DFS, matrix traversal, most “hard” LeetCode questions are just variations of familiar approaches. That’s why I’m sharing this “Master 20 Coding Patterns” doc 📄 Big thanks to Bosscoder Academy for curating this doc 🙌 📌 Check them out here: bcalinks.com/AJ2iM2f Here’s what’s inside the doc 👇 → 20 proven patterns like Two Heaps, K-way Merge, Palindromic Subsequence & more → Step-by-step logic with supporting problems to practice → A structured approach to train your mind to recognize patterns instead of brute-forcing solutions If you’re a working SDE juggling a 9-5 while prepping for your next switch to Senior roles in top PBCs, this roadmap makes things focused and achievable. And if you want guidance beyond just docs, then try out the EVOLVE program built by Rajat Garg & his team, designed for working SDEs looking to grow into senior roles. They’ve already helped 2200+ engineers crack top PBC roles, maybe you’re next? 📢 And P.S. Their FESTIVE Sale is LIVE, and you can get all their courses at 25% OFF for a limited time offer! #dsa #leetcode #codingpatterns #interviewprep #collab

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“Design an LRU Cache” — asked by Amazon. “Design WhatsApp” — asked by Swiggy. Both to candidates at the fresher level. I see candidates prepare for DSA for months. But when an LLD question comes up, they either freeze or start coding without a plan. Here’s the thing : ➝ LLD isn’t about jumping straight into code. ➝ It’s about showing you can think like a software engineer. Breaking a vague requirement into a clear, scalable design. 𝐖𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐈 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐋𝐋𝐃 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰𝐬, 𝐈 𝐬𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐚 5-𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐩 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤: 1. 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐲 𝐫𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 – Ask questions to remove ambiguity. For example, in “WhatsApp,” will we design only chats? What about media, groups, or real-time delivery? 2. 𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐲 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 – In WhatsApp, these include Users, Messages, Chats, Media, etc. 3. 𝐌𝐚𝐩 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐩𝐬 – Use class diagrams or ER diagrams to show how data will flow. 4. 𝐃𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐀𝐏𝐈𝐬 – Explain which endpoints or methods are needed and why. 5. 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞-𝐨𝐟𝐟𝐬 – Talk about constraints, scalability, and potential bottlenecks under heavy load. If you can do this, you won’t just “pass” the LLD round. You’ll stand out. And to help you master this skill, Scaler is running a free Low Level Design masterclass: https://shorturl.at/2dh5c ➝ 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐞: 19th August, 7:30PM ➝ 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞: Online (Free) ➝ 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫: Naman Bhalla, Ex-Google SWE You’ll not only learn the basics but also solve a real LLD case study live. So the next time you hear “Design a Parking Lot or “Design a Food Delivery App,” you’ll know exactly where to start.

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Frequently Asked Interview Questions – SDE (Java/Spring Boot) Compensation Bracket: ₹20–25 LPA Role: Backend / Software Engineer 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗝𝗮𝘃𝗮 • Difference between HashMap, HashTable, and ConcurrentHashMap • How does Garbage Collection work in JVM? • Explain volatile and synchronized in multithreading • Deep copy vs Shallow copy • How does the Java memory model work (Heap, Stack, Metaspace)? 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 & 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗕𝗼𝗼𝘁 • What is Dependency Injection? How does Spring handle it internally? • Difference between @Component, @Service, and @Repository • How does Spring Boot auto-configuration work? • Exception handling best practices in REST APIs • How to secure REST APIs (JWT, OAuth2)? 𝗝𝗣𝗔 / 𝗛𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗲 • Difference between Lazy and Eager loading • What are N+1 query problems? How to solve them? • How does Hibernate manage transactions? • Entity lifecycle states (Transient, Persistent, Detached, Removed) 𝗦𝗤𝗟 & 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗮𝘀𝗲 • Write a query to find the 2nd highest salary from Employee table • Difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN • What are indexes? Clustered vs Non-clustered • How to optimize slow queries? 𝗗𝗦𝗔 / 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗺 𝗦𝗼𝗹𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 • Implement LRU Cache • Detect a cycle in a linked list • Find longest substring without repeating characters • Merge overlapping intervals • Design a rate limiter 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 • Design a URL Shortener like bit.ly • How would you scale a notification service? • Difference between Monolith vs Microservices • Use of API Gateway and Load Balancer • CAP Theorem explanation with real-world examples Tip: These are not just “questions to memorize”. You should be able to explain concepts, trade-offs, and real project scenarios around them. That’s what matters in 20–25 LPA interviews.

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Microsoft SWE 1 (32LPA+) Interview Structure. Here’s what the Microsoft off-campus SWE 1 interview typically looks like: Round 1 – Online Assessment A timed coding test on Codility with 2 problems. Test cases are hidden, so you need to validate with your own examples. Round 2 – Technical DSA Round 1 Focuses on problem-solving using data structures and algorithms. Round 3 – Technical DSA Round 2 More in-depth DSA questions, testing your approach and optimization skills. Round 4 – Final “As Appropriate” Round A mix of coding, complexity analysis, project discussion, product thinking, and behavioral questions. Key Tips: -Communicate clearly -Be honest about your strengths and gaps -Show willingness to learn -Practice coding regularly Note: This is based on publically available sources. Actual interview experience may vary based on role, location etc. #Microsoft #SWE1 #InterviewStructure #CodingInterview #DSA #CareerAdvice #OffCampus #TechInterviews #SoftwareEngineering #InterviewPreparation

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