QT源码解析--插件类QPluginLoader单例设计_qt插件是单例模式?-CSDN博客

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文章详细分析了QT框架中QPluginLoader实现单例模式的源码过程，从instance方法到QLibraryPrivate的findOrCreate，再到静态变量qt_library_data_once的使用，揭示了为何不能创建QPluginLoader的多个实例。解决方法是利用插件接口的newInstance方法来创建多个对象。

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一、问题描述

当插件名称一样时，new的不同QPluginLoader对象instance方法获取实例地址是一样的，这样的话就无法创建多个实例。

QPluginLoader *loader = new QPluginLoader("Yolo5Plugin.dll");
QPluginLoader *loader2 = new QPluginLoader("Yolo5Plugin.dll");

二、源码解析

为了研究QPluginLoader为何是个单例模式，下面将一层一层剖析QT源码

1、首先查看instance实现代码，这里还看不出单例模式，但返回值是从d指针获取的，说明d指针可能是单例，d指针对应类为QLibraryPrivate。

QObject *QPluginLoader::instance()
{
    if (!isLoaded() && !load())
        return 0;
    if (!d->inst && d->instance)
        d->inst = d->instance();
    return d->inst.data();
}

 QLibraryPrivate *d;

2、d指针是如何赋值的？可以发现是在setFileName函数中赋值的，来源于QLibraryPrivate::findOrCreate

void QPluginLoader::setFileName(const QString &fileName)
{
#if defined(QT_SHARED)
    QLibrary::LoadHints lh = QLibrary::PreventUnloadHint;
    if (d) {
        lh = d->loadHints();
        d->release();
        d = 0;
        did_load = false;
    }

    const QString fn = locatePlugin(fileName);

    d = QLibraryPrivate::findOrCreate(fn, QString(), lh);
    if (!fn.isEmpty())
        d->updatePluginState();

#else
    if (qt_debug_component()) {
        qWarning("Cannot load %s into a statically linked Qt library.",
            (const char*)QFile::encodeName(fileName));
    }
    Q_UNUSED(fileName);
#endif
}

3、接下来进入QLibraryPrivate::findOrCreate源码，发现返回值来源与instance()函数

QLibraryPrivate *QLibraryPrivate::findOrCreate(const QString &fileName, const QString &version,
                                               QLibrary::LoadHints loadHints)
{
    return QLibraryStore::findOrCreate(fileName, version, loadHints);
}

inline QLibraryPrivate *QLibraryStore::findOrCreate(const QString &fileName, const QString &version,
                                                    QLibrary::LoadHints loadHints)
{
    QMutexLocker locker(&qt_library_mutex);
    QLibraryStore *data = instance();

    // check if this library is already loaded
    QLibraryPrivate *lib = 0;
    if (Q_LIKELY(data)) {
        lib = data->libraryMap.value(fileName);
        if (lib)
            lib->mergeLoadHints(loadHints);
    }
    if (!lib)
        lib = new QLibraryPrivate(fileName, version, loadHints);

    // track this library
    if (Q_LIKELY(data) && !fileName.isEmpty())
        data->libraryMap.insert(fileName, lib);

    lib->libraryRefCount.ref();
    return lib;
}

4、再进入instance()函数，返回值来源与变量qt_library_data，而qt_library_data定义为static，这里还使用了静态变量qt_library_data_once保证了单例特性。在上一步骤中使用了加锁机制，所以还是一个线程安全的单例模式。

// must be called with a locked mutex
QLibraryStore *QLibraryStore::instance()
{
    if (Q_UNLIKELY(!qt_library_data_once && !qt_library_data)) {
        // only create once per process lifetime
        qt_library_data = new QLibraryStore;
        qt_library_data_once = true;
    }
    return qt_library_data;
}

static QBasicMutex qt_library_mutex;
static QLibraryStore *qt_library_data = 0;
static bool qt_library_data_once;

三、如何才能创建多个实例？

获取 instance 的对象后，对象提供一个创建该对象的方法。

DefectInterface *Yolo5Plugin::newInstance()
{
    return new Yolo5Plugin();
}

DefectInterface *base =  qobject_cast<DefectInterface *>(loader->instance());
DefectInterface *defect1 = base->newInstance();
DefectInterface *defect2 = base->newInstance();