C#中的多态

通过继承实现的不同对象调用相同的方法，表现出不同的行为，称之为多态

1、virtual-override一样地实现多态

public class Animal
    {
        public virtual void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Animal eat");
        }
    }

    public class Cat : Animal
    {
        public override void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Cat eat");
        }
    }

    public class Dog : Animal
    {
        public override void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Dog eat");
        }
    }

    class Tester
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Animal[] animals = new Animal[3];

            animals[0] = new Animal();
            animals[1] = new Cat();
            animals[2] = new Dog();

            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                animals[i].Eat();
            }
        }
    }

Animal eat...

Cat eat...

Dog eat...

2、abstract-override 实现多态

    public abstract class Animal
    {
　　　   public abstract void Eat();
    }

    public class Cat : Animal
    {
        public override void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Cat eat");
        }
    }

    public class Dog : Animal
    {
        public override void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Dog eat");
        }
    }

    public class WolfDog : Dog
    {
        public override void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Wolfdog eat");
        }
    }

    class Tester
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Animal[] animals = new Animal[3];

            animals[0] = new Cat();
            animals[1] = new Dog();
            animals[2] = new WolfDog();

            for (int i = 0; i < animals.Length; i++)
            {
                animals[i].Eat();
            }
        }
    }

运行结果为：

Cat eat...

Dog eat...

Wolfdog eat...

从上面可以看出，通过使用abstract-override可以和virtual-override一样地实现多态，包括多层继承也是一样的。不同之处在于，包含虚拟方法的类可以被实例化，而包含抽象方法的类不能被实例化。