Java并发编程 - ThreadPoolExecutor 应用

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-26 07:00:00 发布

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#Java并发编程 #Executor #ThreadPool #newSingleThread #newScheduled

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本文深入探讨了Java中四种不同的线程池实现：newCachedThreadPool、newFixedThreadPool、newScheduledThreadPool和newSingleThreadExecutor，通过代码示例展示了它们在并发控制、任务调度和资源管理方面的特性。

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newCachedThreadPool：可缓存线程池，可灵活回收空闲线程
newFixedThreadPool：定长线程池，可控制线程的最大并发数，超出的线程会在队列中等待
newScheduledThreadPool：定时线程池，支持定时和周期性任务的执行
newSingleThreadExecutor：单线程化的线程池，保证所有任务按照指定顺序（先入先出，优先级等）执行

newCachedThreadPool

package com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    log.info("task:{}", index);
                }
            });
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

// 输出
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:0
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:7
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:5
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:9
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:2
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:8
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:3
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:4
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:1
10:57:37.683 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:6

Process finished with exit code 0

newFixedThreadPool

package com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    log.info("task:{}", index);
                }
            });
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

// 输出
11:06:59.613 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:2
11:06:59.613 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:0
11:06:59.613 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:1
11:06:59.617 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:3
11:06:59.617 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:6
11:06:59.617 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:4
11:06:59.617 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:7
11:06:59.618 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:8
11:06:59.617 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:5
11:06:59.618 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:9

Process finished with exit code 0

newSingleThreadExecutor

package com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    log.info("task:{}", index);
                }
            });
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

// 输出
11:08:19.913 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:0
11:08:19.918 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:1
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:2
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:3
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:4
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:5
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:6
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:7
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:8
11:08:19.919 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - task:9

Process finished with exit code 0

newScheduledThreadPool

package com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);

//        executorService.schedule(new Runnable() {
//            @Override
//            public void run() {
//                log.warn("schedule run");
//            }
//        }, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        executorService.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                log.warn("schedule run");
            }
        }, 1, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//        executorService.shutdown();

        Timer timer = new Timer();
        timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                log.warn("timer run");
            }
        }, new Date(), 5 * 1000);
    }
}

// 输出
11:09:04.287 [Timer-0] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - timer run
11:09:05.285 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run
11:09:08.286 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run
11:09:09.286 [Timer-0] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - timer run
11:09:11.284 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run
11:09:14.286 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run
11:09:14.286 [Timer-0] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - timer run
11:09:17.287 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run
11:09:19.287 [Timer-0] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - timer run
11:09:20.286 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN  c.m.c.example.threadPool.test9 - schedule run