C //练习 2-1 编写一个程序以确定分别由signed及unsigned限定的char、short、int与long类型变量的取值范围。

C程序设计语言 （第二版） 练习2-1

练习 2-1 编写一个程序以确定分别由signed及unsigned限定的char、short、int与long类型变量的取值范围。采用打印标准头文件中的相应值以及直接计算两种方式实现。

注意：代码在win32控制台运行，在不同的IDE环境下，有部分可能需要变更。

IDE工具：Visual Studio 2010

代码块：

1. 采用标准头文件

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>

void outputTypeLength(char *type){
	if(strcmp(type, "signed char") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %d ~ %d\n", type, SCHAR_MIN, SCHAR_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "signed short") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %d ~ %d\n", type, SHRT_MIN, SHRT_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "signed int") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %d ~ %d\n", type, INT_MIN, INT_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "signed long") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %ld ~ %ld\n", type, LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "unsigned char") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %u ~ %u\n", type, 0, UCHAR_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "unsigned short") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %u ~ %u\n", type, 0, USHRT_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "unsigned int") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %u ~ %u\n", type, 0, UINT_MAX);
	}
	if(strcmp(type, "unsigned long") == 0){
		printf("%s ranges: %lu ~ %lu\n", type, 0, ULONG_MAX);
	}
}

int main(){
	char *type[8] = {"signed char", "signed short", "signed int", "signed long", "unsigned char", "unsigned short", "unsigned int", "unsigned long"};
	
	for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++){
		outputTypeLength(type[i]);
	}
	
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

2. 采用直接计算方法（特别注意：在int和long的情况下，由于数值较大，根据电脑cpu的不同，运行计算结果不会瞬间出现，总共会需要不到1分钟的时间。）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>

int main(){
	char ch;
	for(ch = 0; ch >= 0; ch++);
	printf("signed char ranges: %d ~ ", ch--);
	printf("%d\n", ch);

	short s;
	for(s = 0; s >= 0; s++);
	printf("signed short ranges: %d ~ ", s--);
	printf("%d\n", s);

	int i;
	for(i = 0; i >= 0; i++);
	printf("signed int ranges: %d ~ ", i--);
	printf("%d\n", i);

	long l;
	for(l = 0; l >= 0; l++);
	printf("signed long ranges: %ld ~ ", l--);
	printf("%ld\n", l);
	
	unsigned char uch, cmp1;
	for(uch = 0, cmp1 = 1; uch < cmp1; uch++, cmp1++);
	printf("unsigned char ranges: %u ~ %u\n", 0, uch);

	unsigned short ush, cmp2;
	for(ush = 0, cmp2 = 1; ush < cmp2; ush++, cmp2++);
	printf("unsigned short ranges: %u ~ %u\n", 0, ush);

	unsigned int uint, cmp3;
	for(uint = 0, cmp3 = 1; uint < cmp3; uint++, cmp3++);
	printf("unsigned int ranges: %u ~ %u\n", 0, uint);

	unsigned long ul, cmp4;
	for(ul = 0, cmp4 = 1; ul < cmp4; ul++, cmp4++);
	printf("unsigned long ranges: %lu ~ %lu\n", 0, ul);
	
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

运行结果显示如下：