CEAN subject: ENGLISH teacher: ANDRÉ MATA third bimester

Name: _________________________________________ Number: ______ Grade: 2 nd _____ Date: ____ / ____ / _____

DEGREES OF COMPARISON
I - COMPARATIVE OF EQUALITY (Comparativo de Igualdade)

See the examples: ESTRUTURA

1. Anne is as intelligent as Mary.
Anne é tão inteligente quanto Mary
as + adjective + as
2. John is as strong as Paul tão + adjetivo + quanto
John é tão forte quanto Paulo

Obs.: Em orações negativas o primeiro as pode ser substituído por so:

See the examples: ESTRUTURA
3. John is not as strong as Paul. not as + adjective + as
John is not so strong as Paul. not so + adjective + as
John não é tão forte quanto Paul. não tão + adjetivo + quanto
II - COMPARATIVE OF INFERIORITY (Comparativo de Inferioridade)

See the examples: ESTRUTURA

1. Anne is less intelligent than Mary.
Anne é menos inteligente que Mary.
less + adjective + than
2. John is less strong than Paul. menos + adjetivo + que
John é menos forte que Paulo

III - COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORITY (Comparativo de Superioridade)

See the examples: ESTRUTURA

ADJETIVOS LONGOS
1. Anne is more intelligent than Mary. more + adjective + than
Anne é mais inteligente que Mary.
mais + adjetivo + que
ADJETIVOS CURTOS
2. John is stronger than Paul adjective + suffix er + than
John é tão forte quanto Paulo
mais + adjetivo + que
EXERCISES A: Complete as frases com o comparativo dos adjetivos entre parênteses.

1) History is ______________________________________ Mathematics. (important) – (igualdade)

2) History is ______________________________________ Mathematics. (important) – (inferioridade)
3) History is _____________________________________ Mathematics. (important) – (superioridade)
4) Peter is _________________________________________ Bill. (smart) – (igualdade)
5) Peter is _________________________________________ Bill. (smart) – (inferioridade)
6) Peter is _________________________________________ Bill. (smart) – (superioridade)
7) The exercises are _____________________________________ you think. (difficult) – (igualdade)
8) The exercises are ___________________________________ you think. (difficult) – (inferioridade)
9) The exercises are __________________________________ you think. (difficult) – (superioridade)
10) My car is not __________________________________________ that truck. (old) – (igualdade)
11) My car is not __________________________________________ that truck. (old) – (inferioridade)
12) My car is not _________________________________________ that truck. (old) – (superioridade)
CEAN – 2nd grade – 3rd bimester -2- English Class – Degrees of Comparison
COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDADE - PARTICULARIDADES DOS ADJETIVOS CURTOS
Example: 1) You are later than me.
A) Os adjetivos terminados em E recebem apenas R.
late = later Você está mais atrasado do que eu.
B) Os adjetivos terminados em Y precedidos por consoante Example: 2) Mary is happier than Anne.
trocam o Y por I e recebem ER. happy = happier Mary está mais feliz do que Anne
C) Os adjetivos terminados em
Example: 3) Teresina is hotter than Brasília.
CONSOANTE + VOGAL + CONSOANTE
hot – hotter Teresina é mais quente que Brasília.
dobram a última consoante e recebem ER.
ATENÇÃO: alguns adjetivos de duas sílabas fazem o comparativo de superioridade como se tivessem três ou mais sílabas.
See the example: famous – Pelé is more famous than Rubinho. // Pelé é mais famoso que Rubinho.

EXERCISES B: Complete as frases com o comparativo de superioridade dos adjetivos entre parênteses.
1) Lucy is ___________________________________________ Jane. (pretty) ATENÇÃO
Comparativo de superioridade
2) Bill is _____________________________________________ Peter. (thin) de formas irregulares:
3) São Paulo city is __________________________________ Brasília. (large) good = better than
bom = melhor (do) que
4) This book is ______________________________ that magazine. (good)
bad = worse than
5) Today is ______________________________________ yesterday. (bad) mau = pior (do) que

IV - SUPERLATIVE (Superlativo)

See the examples: ESTRUTURA

ADJETIVOS LONGOS
1. Anne is the most intelligent of the girls. the most + adjective
Anne é a mais inteligente das garotas.
o mais + adjetivo
ADJETIVOS CURTOS
2. John is the strongest of the boys. the + adjective + suffix est
John é o mais forte dos garotos.
o mais + adjetivo
EXERCISES C: Complete as frases com o superlativo dos adjetivos entre parênteses.
1) Peter is ___________________________________ boy of the school. (smart) ATENÇÃO
Os adjetivos GOOD
2) History is _________________________________ subject to me. (important)
(bom) e BAD (mau)
3) The exercises are ______________________________ of this week. (difficult) fazem o superlativo de
forma irregular:
4) Motorcycles are __________________________________ automobiles. (light)
good = the best
5) This is _______________________________________ movie of year. (good) bom = o melhor

6) This is _____________________________________ book of the library. (bad) bad = the worst

mau = o pior
SUPERLATIVO PARTICULARIDADES DOS ADJETIVOS DE UMA OU DUAS SÍLABAS (ADJETIVOS CURTOS)
Example: 1) Paul is the latest student to arrive.
A) Os adjetivos terminados em E recebem apenas ST.
late = latest Paul é o aluno mais atrasado a chegar
B) Os adjetivos terminados em Y precedidos por Example: 2) Anne is the happiest of the girls.
consoante trocam o Y por I e recebem EST. happy – happiest Anne é a mais feliz das garotas.
C) Os adjetivos terminados em
Example: 3) Teresina is the hottest city in Brazil.
CONSOANTE + VOGAL + CONSOANTE
hot – hottest Teresina é a cidade mais quente do Brazil.
dobram a última consoante e recebem EST.
ATENÇÃO: alguns adjetivos de duas sílabas fazem o superlativo como se tivessem três ou mais sílabas.
Example: famous – Pelé is the most famous soccer player of the world.
Pelé é o jogador de futebol mais famoso do mundo.

EXERCISES D: Complete as frases com o superlativo dos adjetivos entre parênteses.

1) Lucy is ________________________________________ girl I know. (pretty)
2) Bill is _______________________________________ man in my city. (thin)
3) São Paulo is _____________________________________ city of Brazil. (large)

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -2- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com

English Class – 2nd grade -3- Degrees of Comparison

CESPE/UnB – 2º VEST. 1996  Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões de A a E. (modificadas)

1 Smoking is worse for women
A) Combine as colunas de acordo com o texto:
than men, according to a new study (1) according to ( ) têm
(2) but ( ) por que
from scientists at the Institute of (3) have ( ) nova
(4) may ( ) significar
4 Cancer Research in Surrey. Women
(5) mean ( ) fumados
who smoke face a significantly greater (6) more ( ) mais
(7) new ( ) de acordo com
risk of developing lung cancer than (8) reversed ( ) invertido, (inverter)
(9) smoke ( ) mas
7 men after accounting for the numbers ( 10 ) smoked ( ) fumar, fumam
( 11 ) why ( ) pode
of cigarettes smoked. David Phillips,
B) According to the text: C (certo) ou E (errado)
the researcher leading the study, says:
1. ( ) Smoking is not so bad for women as it is for men.
10 “It is not clear why women’s lungs 2. ( ) Young women are now smoking more.

have higher levels of smoking induced 3. ( ) David Phillips works at the Institute of Cancer
Research.
damage but it may mean higher
4. ( ) It is quite clear why women’s lungs have higher
13 incidences of lung cancer than men in levels of smoking-induced damage.

future unless the current trend for 5. ( ) Men may have higher incidence of lung cancer in
future.
15 more and more young women to

smoke is reversed”. C) In the text: C (certo) ou E (errado)

1. ( ) “according to” (l. 2) is the same as in accordance

VOCABULARY with.
accounting for = considerar 2. ( ) “Women” (l. 4) is the direct object of “smoke” (l. 5).
clear = claro
current = atual
3. ( ) “smoked” (l. 8) is a simple past form.
damage = danos 4. ( ) “unless” (l.14) is the same as except if.
develop = desenvolver
face = encarar, “correr” 5. ( ) “may” (l. 12) express a possibility.
greater = maior
higher = mais alto
D) Responda EM INGLÊS de acordo com o texto:
induced = provocados
leading = que conduz What’s the name of the researcher leading the study?
levels = níveis
lung = pulmão _________________________________________________
man = homem _________________________________________________
men = homens
more and more = mais e mais
research = pesquisa E) Responda EM PORTUGUÊS de acordo com o texto:
researcher = pesquisador
Por que fumar é pior para as mulheres do que para os
says = diz, afirma
smoking = fumo, fumar homens?
trend = tendência
unless = a menos que _________________________________________________
woman = mulher _________________________________________________
women = mulheres
worse = pior _________________________________________________

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -3- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com

English Class – 2nd grade -4- Degrees of Comparison

EXERCISES E: Complete as frases com o adjetivo e forma de comparação pedida entre parênteses.
1) The Eiffel Tower is _______________________ the Statue of Liberty. (high – comparativo de superioridade)

2) Rio de Janeiro is ________________________________________ in the world. (beautiful – superlativo)

3) The Nile is _______________________________________ river in the world. (long – superlativo)

4) Mary is _________________________________________ Lucy. (elegant – comparativo de igualdade)

5) Alice looks ________________________________ her sister Karen. (young – comparativo de inferioridade)

6) Love is _____________________________________ money. (important – comparative de superioridade)

7) Brazil soccer team is _______________________________________ of the world. (good – superlativo)

8) Living alone is ________________________________ anything else. (bad – comparative de superioridade)

EXERCISES F: Traduza para o PORTUGUÊS.

1) The Pacific is the largest ocean in the world.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
2) This exercises are as difficult as the test.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
3) Correio Braziliense is the most important newspaper in Brasília.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
4) This test is easier than the exercises.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
5) Anne is more intelligent than Lucy.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
6) Money is less important than love.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISES G: Traduza para o INGLÊS.
1) Xadrez é o jogo mais complicado que eu acho.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
2) Esta é a lição mais fácil deste ano.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
3) Peter é tão inteligente quanto John.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
4) O amor é mais importante do que dinheiro.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
5) Mary é mais bonita do que Helen.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
6) A prova está menos difícil do que os exercícios.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -4- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com

English Class – 2nd grade -5- Degrees of Comparison

CESPE / UnB – PAS 2008 / 1ª ETAPA  Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões de A a D. (modificadas)

A) Combine as colunas segundo o texto:

( 1 ) Draft ( ) arreio, armadura
( 2 ) Farm ( ) Trigo
( 3 ) flour ( ) chão, solo, terra
( 4 ) Grain ( ) descanso
( 5 ) ground ( ) farinha, polvilho
( 6 ) harness ( ) ferro, de ferro
( 7 ) iron ( ) canga, junta de bois
Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, p. 570 and 1.487
( 8 ) land ( ) solo, terra
Agricultural progress ( 9 ) rest ( ) de tração, de puxar
( 10 ) soil ( ) ferramentas
1 Agriculture has developed over a long period of time,
( 11 ) tools ( ) Fazenda
with positive effects on its production. Iron tools to work the ( 12 ) yoke ( ) terra
land replaced those made of wood. This made the soil better
B) According to the text above, judge the
4 prepared for planting because the iron tool could go deeper
items that follow. C (certo) ou E (errado)
into the ground to turn over the soil. Draft animals, like
1. ( ) The use of farming tools made of
horses, pulled farming tools and carried heavy loads with a
iron has no effect in the agricultural
7 harness on them made of straps, bands and other parts,
production.
which relieved the animals from the weight of the wooden
yoke on their heads and eliminated the risk of suffocation. 2. ( ) In order to have good crops,
10 This made it possible to carry or pull heavier loads. Grain observing the land’s rest period,
was the basis of the farm workers’ diet. They used to grind it farmers cannot plant in it for more
in stone querns, or hand mills. Next came the waterwheel than three years every ten years.
13 and the windmill. People could now grind large amounts of 3. ( ) Even the land used for planting
grain with very little human effort, turning grain into flour. forage needs a rest period in order
Farmers learned that every three years the land must be
to enrich the soil.
16 allowed to have a rest period of one year. However, in certain
4. ( ) The text presents at least two
regions, instead of allowing the land to have a rest period,
different techniques that can be
farmers took advantage of such period to plant forage for
used to turn grain into flour.
19 cows and horses. This method helped to conserve and
C) Responda em inglês segundo o texto:
enrich the soil, giving farmers more possibilities of having
Why did iron tools make the soil better prepared
more animals and natural fertilizers.
for planting?
Internet <www.kathrynhinds.com> (adapted)
________________________________________
VOCABULARY
amounts = quantidades
________________________________________
helped = ajudou forage = alimento vegetal ________________________________________
allowed = permitida
horses = cavalos has developed =
bands = braçadeiras
however = entretanto desenvolveu D) Responda em português segundo o texto:
because = porque
into = em instead of = em vez de
carried = carregavam
large = grande mills = engenhos, moinhos Explique o método pelo qual alguns agricultores
certain = certas
learned = aprenderam querns = moinho de mão
cows = vacas
diet = dieta
like = como replaced = substituíram aumentaram suas possibilidades de ter mais
loads = cargas, pesos straps = alças, correias
enrich = enriquecer
made = feito, tornou turn over = revolver, virar animais e fertilizantes naturais:
farmer = agricultores
over = durante turning … into =
farming = lavoura ________________________________________
relieved = aliviaram transformar
giving = dando
stone = pedra used to = costumavam
grind = moer, triturar
those = aqueles waterwheel = roda d’água, ________________________________________
hand = manuais, mão
time = tempo roda hidráulica
having = ter
took = obtiveram weight = peso
________________________________________
heads = cabeças
wood = madeira windmill = moinho de vento ________________________________________
heavy = pesados
years = anos wooden = de madeira
work = trabalho, trabalhar
workers = trabalhadores

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -5- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com

English Class – 2nd grade -6- Degrees of Comparison

EXERCISES H: Complete as frases com o adjetivo e forma de comparação pedida entre parênteses.
1) The cake is _________________________________ the ice-cream. (sweet – comparativo de superioridade)
2) The Atacama is ___________________________________ desert in the world. (dry – superlative)
3) A car is _________________________________ a motorcycle. (safe – comparativo de superioridade)
4) Tokyo is ________________________________________________ Rio de Janeiro. (big – superlativo)
5) John feels ________________________________ he did yesterday. (good – comparativo de superioridade)
6) The climate is __________________________________ in Brasiília. (warm – comparativo de inferioridade)
7) Some birds fly _____________________________________ others. (high - comparativo de superioridade)
8) The test was not ______________________________ the previous one. (hard – comparativo de igualdade)
9) Soccer is ______________________________________________ sport in Brazil. (popular - superlativo)
10) Mathematics is ___________________________ you think. (complicated – comparativo de inferioridade)
11) I think Paul is ________________________________________ Jack. (fat – comparativo de superioridade)
12) Jim Carrey is ________________________________________ Actor in Hollywood. (funny – superlative)
13) Paris is _____________________________________ Rome. (unforgettable – comparativo de igualdade)
14) Lucy plays guitar _________________________________ Anne do. (bad – comparativo de superioridade)
15) Anne is ____________________________________________ I’ve ever seen. (intelligent – superlative)
16) Women are ____________________________________ men. (generous - comparativo de superioridade)
17) He seems to be ________________________________ today. (optimistic – comparativo de inferioridade)
18) Happiness is ___________________________________ Health. (important – comparativo de igualdade)
19) Some words are ___________________________ to memorize. (difficult - comparativo de superioridade)
20) England is not _______________________________________ Brazil. (big – comparativo de igualdade)
21) August is ___________________________________________ month of the year. (hot – superlative)

EXERCISES I: Traduza para o PORTUGUÊS.

1) Jennifer Lopez is the prettiest actress in L.A.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
2) This lesson isn’t so complicated as you think.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
3) Dom Casmurro is the best book in this library.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
4) Amazon is the biggest river in the world.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
5) Teresina is less polluted than São Paulo.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
6) Brazil é melhor time de futebol hoje.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
7) Bill is thinner than Mary.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -6- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com

English Class – 2nd grade -7- Degrees of Comparison

EXERCISES J: Traduza para o INGLÊS.

1) Este livro não é tão legal quanto esta revista.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
2) Cuiabá é a cidade mais quente do Brasil.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
3) Futebol é mais popular que basquetebol no Brasil.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
4) Dinheiro é menos importante que saúde.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
5) São Paulo é maior cidade do Brasil
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
6) Mathematics is the best subject I think.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
7) Brasília é tão moderna quanto Curitiba.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
8) Rio de Janeiro é a cidade mais bonita no mundo.
res.: ______________________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISES K: Escolha a opção correta.
1) Nancy is ______ girl today. It’s her birthday. 7) What is __ than a fly in the soup? Two flies in the
a) Happiest soap.
b) the happiest a) Badder
c) the happyest b) bad
2) I want to buy _____ for my girlfriend. c) worse
a) good
b) the goodest 8) (FAAP-SP) It seems that John’s camera is _ Joe’s.
c) the best a) more new that
3) I don’t think he is ________ people say. b) newer that
a) Intelligent c) newest than
b) as intelligent as d) newer than
c) so intelligent as e) the newest than
4) Oceans are ____ than rivers. 9) I think Portuguese _ important subject I have.
a) deep a) More
b) deeper b) the most
c) the deepest c) less
5) The Everest is _____mountain in the world.
a) the highest 10) (PUCC-SP) Since I moved to the country, I have
b) the shortest been __ tired than George.
c) the biggest a) that
6) Mary Anne is the __ girl among my friends b) most
a) the short c) less
b) shorter d) so
c) the shortest e) as

VOCABULARY hot = quente newspaper = jornal you think = (que) você pensa
in = em nice = legal game = jogo
beautiful = bonita, linda in the world = no mundo pretty = bonita, linda money = (o) dinheiro
book = livro L.A = Los Angeles The Pacific = O Pacífico (oceano) this = este, esta
chess = xadrez large = grande the = o, a, os, as magazine = revista
complicated = complicada lesson = lição the test = o teste, a prova easy = fácil
difficulty = difícil library = biblioteca thin = magro, magra love = (o) amor

Prof. André Mata – E-MAIL: [email protected] -7- BLOG: andrematta.blogspot.com