雪花算法这里不再赘述,其缺点是有状态(多副本隔离时,依赖手动配置workId
和datacenterId
),代码如下:
/**
* 雪花算法ID生成器
*/
public class SnowflakeIdWorker {
/**
* 开始时间截 (2017-01-01)
*/
private static final long twepoch = 1483200000000L;
/**
* 机器id所占的位数
*/
private static final long workerIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 数据标识id所占的位数
*/
private static final long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 支持的最大机器id,结果是31 (这个移位算法可以很快的计算出几位二进制数所能表示的最大十进制数)
*/
private static final long maxWorkerId = ~(-1L << workerIdBits);
/**
* 支持的最大数据标识id,结果是31
*/
private static final long maxDatacenterId = ~(-1L << datacenterIdBits);
/**
* 序列在id中占的位数
*/
private final long sequenceBits = 12L;
/**
* 机器ID向左移12位
*/
private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
/**
* 数据标识id向左移17位(12+5)
*/
private final long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
/**
* 时间截向左移22位(5+5+12)
*/
private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
/**
* 生成序列的掩码,这里为4095 (0b111111111111=0xfff=4095)
*/
private final long sequenceMask = ~(-1L << sequenceBits);
/**
* 工作机器ID(0~31)
*/
private long workerId;
/**
* 数据中心ID(0~31)
*/
private long datacenterId;
/**
* 毫秒内序列(0~4095)
*/
private long sequence = 0L;
/**
* 上次生成ID的时间截
*/
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
/**
* 构造函数
*
* @param workerId 工作ID (0~31)
* @param datacenterId 数据中心ID (0~31)
*/
public SnowflakeIdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
/**
* 获得下一个ID (该方法是线程安全的)
*
* @return SnowflakeId
*/
public synchronized String getId() {
long id = nextId();
return id+"";
}
/**
* 获得下一个ID (该方法是线程安全的)
*
* @return SnowflakeId
*/
public synchronized long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
//如果当前时间小于上一次ID生成的时间戳,说明系统时钟回退过这个时候应当抛出异常
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {