Hibernate多对一、多对多关系--cascade、inverse

多对一关系、

先看hibernate项目数据库的各种配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

        <!-- 
        #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
        #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect
        #hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect
        #hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        #hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mysql:///test
        #hibernate.connection.username gavin
        #hibernate.connection.password
         -->
         <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
         <!-- 数据库url -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate</property>
         <!-- 数据库连接用户名 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
         <!-- 数据库连接密码 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
        <!-- 数据库方言
            不同的数据库中,sql语法略有区别. 指定方言可以让hibernate框架在生成sql语句时.针对数据库的方言生成.
            sql99标准: DDL 定义语言  库表的增删改查
                      DCL 控制语言  事务 权限
                      DML 操纵语言  增删改查
            注意: MYSQL在选择方言时,请选择最短的方言.
         -->
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>


        <!-- #hibernate.show_sql true 
             #hibernate.format_sql true
        -->
        <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句打印到控制台 -->
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句格式化(语法缩进) -->
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 
        ## auto schema export  自动导出表结构. 自动建表
        #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create      自动建表.每次框架运行都会创建新的表.以前表将会被覆盖,表数据会丢失.(开发环境中测试使用)
        #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create-drop 自动建表.每次框架运行结束都会将所有表删除.(开发环境中测试使用)
        #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto update(推荐使用) 自动生成表.如果已经存在不会再生成.如果表有变动.自动更新表(不会删除任何数据).
        #hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto validate    校验.不自动生成表.每次启动会校验数据库中表是否正确.校验失败.
         -->
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 引入orm元数据
            路径书写: 填写src下的路径
         -->
         <!-- 指定hibernate操作数据库时的隔离级别 
            #hibernate.connection.isolation 1|2|4|8     
            0001    1   读未提交
            0010    2   读已提交
            0100    4   可重复读
            1000    8   串行化
         -->
         <property name="hibernate.connection.isolation">4</property>
         <!-- 指定session与当前线程绑定 -->
         <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/Customer.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/LinkMan.hbm.xml" />
        <!-- 
            <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/Role.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/User.hbm.xml" />

         -->

    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

创建对象

Customer

    /*
     * CREATE TABLE `cst_customer` (
      `cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '客户编号(主键)',
      `cust_name` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户名称(公司名称)',
      `cust_source` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户信息来源',
      `cust_industry` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户所属行业',
      `cust_level` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户级别',
      `cust_linkman` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人',
      `cust_phone` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '固定电话',
      `cust_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '移动电话',
      PRIMARY KEY (`cust_id`)
    ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     */
    private Long cust_id;

    private String cust_name;
    private String cust_source;
    private String cust_industry;
    private String cust_level;
    private String cust_linkman;
    private String cust_phone;
    private String cust_mobile;
    //使用set集合,表达一对多关系
    private Set<LinkMan> linkMens = new HashSet<LinkMan>(); 

LinkMan

    /*
         * CREATE TABLE `cst_linkman` (
          `lkm_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '联系人编号(主键)',
          `lkm_name` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人姓名',
          `lkm_cust_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户id',
          `lkm_gender` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人性别',
          `lkm_phone` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人办公电话',
          `lkm_mobile` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人手机',
          `lkm_email` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人邮箱',
          `lkm_qq` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人qq',
          `lkm_position` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人职位',
          `lkm_memo` varchar(512) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人备注',
          PRIMARY KEY (`lkm_id`),
          KEY `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` (`lkm_cust_id`),
          CONSTRAINT `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` FOREIGN KEY (`lkm_cust_id`) REFERENCES `cst_customer` (`cust_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
        ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
         */
    private Long lkm_id;
    private Character lkm_gender;
    private String lkm_name;
    private String lkm_phone;
    private String lkm_email;
    private String lkm_qq;
    private String lkm_mobile;
    private String lkm_memo;
    private String lkm_position;
    //表达多对一关系
    private Customer customer ;

创建客户表映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.domain" >
    <class name="Customer" table="cst_customer" >
        <id name="cust_id"  >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="cust_name" column="cust_name" ></property>
        <property name="cust_source" column="cust_source" ></property>
        <property name="cust_industry" column="cust_industry" ></property>
        <property name="cust_level" column="cust_level" ></property>
        <property name="cust_linkman" column="cust_linkman" ></property>
        <property name="cust_phone" column="cust_phone" ></property>
        <property name="cust_mobile" column="cust_mobile" ></property>

        <!-- 集合,一对多关系,在配置文件中配置 -->
        <!-- 
            name属性:集合属性名
            column属性: 外键列名
            class属性: 与我关联的对象完整类名
         -->
         <!-- 
            级联操作:   cascade
                save-update: 级联保存更新
                delete:级联删除
                all:save-update+delete
            级联操作: 简化操作.目的就是为了少些两行代码.
          -->
          <!-- inverse属性: 配置关系是否维护. 
                true: customer不维护关系
                false(默认值): customer维护关系

            inverse属性: 性能优化.提高关系维护的性能.
            原则: 无论怎么放弃,总有一方必须要维护关系.
            一对多关系中: 一的一方放弃.也只能一的一方放弃.多的一方不能放弃.
             inverse="true" cascade="delete" 
          -->
        <set name="linkMens" >
            <key column="lkm_cust_id" ></key>
            <one-to-many class="LinkMan" />
        </set>


    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

创建联系人热映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.domain" >
    <class name="LinkMan" table="cst_linkman" >
        <id name="lkm_id"  >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="lkm_gender"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_name"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_phone"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_email"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_qq"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_mobile"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_memo"  ></property>
        <property name="lkm_position"  ></property>

        <!-- 多对一 -->
        <!-- 
            name属性:引用属性名
            column属性: 外键列名
            class属性: 与我关联的对象完整类名
         -->
          <!-- 
            级联操作:   cascade
                save-update: 级联保存更新
                delete:级联删除
                all:save-update+delete
            级联操作: 简化操作.目的就是为了少些两行代码.
          -->
          <!-- 多的一方: 不能放弃维护关系的.外键字段就在多的一方.  -->
        <many-to-one name="customer" column="lkm_cust_id" class="Customer"  >
        </many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

进行测试保存客户、联系人

    //保存客户 以及客户 下的联系人
    public void fun1(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        Customer c = new Customer();
        c.setCust_name("传智播客");

        LinkMan lm1 = new LinkMan();
        lm1.setLkm_name("黎活明");

        LinkMan lm2 = new LinkMan();
        lm2.setLkm_name("刘悦东");

        //表达一对多,客户下有多个联系人
        c.getLinkMens().add(lm1);
        c.getLinkMens().add(lm2);

        //表达对对对,联系人属于哪个客户
        lm1.setCustomer(c);
        lm2.setCustomer(c);


        session.save(c);
        session.save(lm1);
        session.save(lm2);

        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }

输出如下：

Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_customer
        (cust_name, cust_source, cust_industry, cust_level, cust_linkman, cust_phone, cust_mobile) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_linkman
        (lkm_gender, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_email, lkm_qq, lkm_mobile, lkm_memo, lkm_position, lkm_cust_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_linkman
        (lkm_gender, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_email, lkm_qq, lkm_mobile, lkm_memo, lkm_position, lkm_cust_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    update
        cst_linkman 
    set
        lkm_cust_id=? 
    where
        lkm_id=?
Hibernate: 
    update
        cst_linkman 
    set
        lkm_cust_id=? 
    where
        lkm_id=?

看下数据变化

cascade、inverse

测试代码中
session.save(c);
session.save(lm1);
session.save(lm2);
当我们有多个联系人时候，在这样一个个进行设置就显得麻烦了，有没有更好的方便，让代码更简单，hibernate配置有个级联操作，我们只需要在配置文件中简单配置即可

<set name="linkMens"  cascade="all">
            <key column="lkm_cust_id" ></key>
            <one-to-many class="LinkMan" />
        </set>

加上如上配置，会减少2行代码书写，级联操作: 简化操作.目的就是为了少些两行代码.

另外hibernate还有一个属性inverse属性: 性能优化.提高关系维护的性能.
这个是进行优化性能的，以上的sql输出有3个插入，2个更新外键字段，我们可以进行sql优化，直接插入联系人的时候，进行字段更新，关联客户外键，我们只需要在配置文件里面进行简单配置下即可配置如下：

    <set name="linkMens" inverse="true" cascade="all"  >
            <key column="lkm_cust_id" ></key>
            <one-to-many class="LinkMan" />
        </set>

这样的化，我们就减少了数据库操作的频率，进行了优化性能
以下是优化后的sql执行操作

Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_customer
        (cust_name, cust_source, cust_industry, cust_level, cust_linkman, cust_phone, cust_mobile) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_linkman
        (lkm_gender, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_email, lkm_qq, lkm_mobile, lkm_memo, lkm_position, lkm_cust_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_linkman
        (lkm_gender, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_email, lkm_qq, lkm_mobile, lkm_memo, lkm_position, lkm_cust_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)

进行测试为客户增加联系人

    //为客户增加联系人
    public void fun2(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        //1> 获得要操作的客户对象
        Customer c = session.get(Customer.class,1l);
        //2> 创建联系人
        LinkMan lm1 = new LinkMan();
        lm1.setLkm_name("郝强勇");
        //3> 将联系人添加到客户,将客户设置到联系人中
        c.getLinkMens().add(lm1);
        lm1.setCustomer(c);
        //4> 执行保存
        session.save(c);
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }

输出如下：

Hibernate: 
    select
        customer0_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_name as cust_nam2_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_source as cust_sou3_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_industry as cust_ind4_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_level as cust_lev5_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_linkman as cust_lin6_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_phone as cust_pho7_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_mobile as cust_mob8_0_0_ 
    from
        cst_customer customer0_ 
    where
        customer0_.cust_id=?
Hibernate: 
    select
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cus10_1_0_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend2_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_name as lkm_name3_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon4_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai5_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_qq as lkm_qq6_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi7_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo8_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi9_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cus10_1_1_ 
    from
        cst_linkman linkmens0_ 
    where
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id=?
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        cst_linkman
        (lkm_gender, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_email, lkm_qq, lkm_mobile, lkm_memo, lkm_position, lkm_cust_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)

进行测试为客户删除联系人

    @Test
    //为客户删除联系人
    public void fun3(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        //1> 获得要操作的客户对象
        Customer c = session.get(Customer.class,1l);
        //2> 获得要移除的联系人
        LinkMan lm = session.get(LinkMan.class, 4l);
        //3> 将联系人从客户集合中移除
        c.getLinkMens().remove(lm);
        lm.setCustomer(null);
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }

lm.setCustomer(null);这就代码很重要
输入sql如下：

Hibernate: 
    select
        customer0_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_name as cust_nam2_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_source as cust_sou3_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_industry as cust_ind4_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_level as cust_lev5_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_linkman as cust_lin6_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_phone as cust_pho7_0_0_,
        customer0_.cust_mobile as cust_mob8_0_0_ 
    from
        cst_customer customer0_ 
    where
        customer0_.cust_id=?
Hibernate: 
    select
        linkman0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend2_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_name as lkm_name3_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon4_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai5_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_qq as lkm_qq6_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi7_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo8_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi9_1_0_,
        linkman0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cus10_1_0_ 
    from
        cst_linkman linkman0_ 
    where
        linkman0_.lkm_id=?
Hibernate: 
    select
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cus10_1_0_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend2_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_name as lkm_name3_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon4_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai5_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_qq as lkm_qq6_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi7_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo8_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi9_1_1_,
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cus10_1_1_ 
    from
        cst_linkman linkmens0_ 
    where
        linkmens0_.lkm_cust_id=?
Hibernate: 
    update
        cst_linkman 
    set
        lkm_gender=?,
        lkm_name=?,
        lkm_phone=?,
        lkm_email=?,
        lkm_qq=?,
        lkm_mobile=?,
        lkm_memo=?,
        lkm_position=?,
        lkm_cust_id=? 
    where
        lkm_id=?

多对多关系

创建对象

User

    /*
     * CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
      `user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',
      `user_code` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户账号',
      `user_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
      `user_password` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户密码',
      `user_state` char(1) NOT NULL COMMENT '1:正常,0:暂停',
      PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     */
    private Long user_id;
    private String user_code;
    private String user_name;
    private String user_password;
    private Character user_state;
    //表达多对多
    private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>();

Role

/*
     * 
      CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
  `role_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `role_name` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色名称',
  `role_memo` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
  PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     */

    private Long role_id;
    private String role_name;
    private String role_memo;
    //表达多对多
    private Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();

映射关系

User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.domain" >
    <class name="User" table="sys_user" >
        <id name="user_id"  >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="user_code"  ></property>
        <property name="user_name"  ></property>
        <property name="user_password"  ></property>
        <property name="user_state"  ></property>

        <!-- 多对多关系表达 -->
        <!-- 
            name: 集合属性名
            table: 配置中间表名
            key
             |-column:外键,别人引用"我"的外键列名
             class: 我与哪个类是多对多关系
             column:外键.我引用比人的外键列名
         -->
         <!-- cascade级联操作:
                    save-update: 级联保存更新
                    delete:级联删除
                    all:级联保存更新+级联删除
            结论: cascade简化代码书写.该属性使不使用无所谓. 建议要用只用save-update.
                 如果使用delete操作太过危险.尤其在多对多中.不建议使用.
                     -->
        <set name="roles" table="sys_user_role" cascade="save-update" >
            <key column="user_id" ></key>
            <many-to-many class="Role" column="role_id" ></many-to-many>
        </set>

    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Role.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.domain" >
    <class name="Role" table="sys_role" >
        <id name="role_id"  >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="role_name"  ></property>
        <property name="role_memo"  ></property>

    <!-- 使用inverse属性
            true: 放弃维护外键关系
            false(默认值):维护关系

        结论: 将来在开发中,如果遇到多对多关系.一定要选择一方放弃维护关系.
             一般谁来放弃要看业务方向. 例如录入员工时,需要为员工指定所属角色.
             那么业务方向就是由员工维护角色. 角色不需要维护与员工关系.角色放弃维护
         -->        
        <set name="users" table="sys_user_role" inverse="true" >
            <key column="role_id" ></key>
            <many-to-many class="User" column="user_id" ></many-to-many>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

保存员工及其角色

    public void fun1(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        //1> 创建两个 User
        User u1 = new User();
        u1.setUser_name("郝强勇");

        User u2 = new User();
        u2.setUser_name("金家德");

        //2> 创建两个 Role
        Role r1 = new Role();
        r1.setRole_name("保洁");

        Role r2 = new Role();
        r2.setRole_name("保安");
        //3> 用户表达关系
        u1.getRoles().add(r1);
        u1.getRoles().add(r2);

        u2.getRoles().add(r1);
        u2.getRoles().add(r2);

        //4> 角色表达关系
        r1.getUsers().add(u1);
        r1.getUsers().add(u2);

        r2.getUsers().add(u1);
        r2.getUsers().add(u2);

        //5> 调用Save方法一次保存
        session.save(u1);
        session.save(u2);
        session.save(r1);
        session.save(r2);
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }

为员工增加角色

    //为郝强勇新增一个角色
    public void fun3(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        //1> 获得郝强勇用户
        User user = session.get(User.class, 1l);
        //2> 创建公关角色
        Role r = new Role();
        r.setRole_name("男公关");
        //3> 将角色添加到用户中
        user.getRoles().add(r);
        r.getUsers().add(user);
        //4> 将角色转换为持久化
        session.save(r);
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }

为员工删除一个角色

    public void fun4(){
        //1 获得session
        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
        //2 开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //-------------------------------------------------
        //3操作
        //1> 获得郝强勇用户
        User user = session.get(User.class, 1l);
        //2> 获得要操作的角色对象(保洁,保安)
        Role r1 = session.get(Role.class, 1l);
        Role r2 = session.get(Role.class, 2l);
        //3> 将角色从用户的角色集合中移除
        user.getRoles().remove(r1);
        user.getRoles().remove(r2);

        //-------------------------------------------------
        //4提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //5关闭资源
        session.close();
    }