c#TCP聊天室实现

### C# TCP 聧谈室实现示例 在C#中实现一个TCP聊天室需要使用`System.Net.Sockets`命名空间中的类，例如`TcpListener`和`TcpClient`。以下是一个简单的TCP聊天室的实现示例，包括服务器端和客户端代码。 #### 服务器端代码 服务器端负责监听客户端连接，并将消息广播给所有连接的客户端。 ```csharp using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading; class TcpChatServer { private static List<TcpClient> _clients = new List<TcpClient>(); private static bool _isRunning = true; public static void Main() { TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 13000); listener.Start(); Console.WriteLine("Server started. Waiting for connections..."); Thread listenThread = new Thread(() => { while (_isRunning) { try { TcpClient client = listener.AcceptTcpClient(); _clients.Add(client); Console.WriteLine("Client connected."); Thread clientThread = new Thread(HandleClient); clientThread.Start(client); } catch (Exception ex) { if (_isRunning) Console.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}"); } } }); listenThread.Start(); Console.ReadLine(); // Keep the server running until user input _isRunning = false; listener.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("Server stopped."); } private static void HandleClient(object obj) { TcpClient client = (TcpClient)obj; NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; try { while (true) { int bytesRead = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); if (bytesRead == 0) break; string message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead); BroadcastMessage(message, client); } } catch { // Client disconnected } finally { lock (_clients) { _clients.Remove(client); } client.Close(); } } private static void BroadcastMessage(string message, TcpClient sender) { lock (_clients) { foreach (var client in _clients) { if (client != sender) { try { NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message); stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } catch { _clients.Remove(client); client.Close(); } } } } } } ``` #### 客户端代码 客户端负责连接到服务器并发送/接收消息。 ```csharp using System; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading; class TcpChatClient { private static TcpClient _client; private static NetworkStream _stream; public static void Main() { try { _client = new TcpClient("127.0.0.1", 13000); _stream = _client.GetStream(); Thread receiveThread = new Thread(ReceiveMessages); receiveThread.Start(); while (true) { Console.Write("Enter message: "); string message = Console.ReadLine(); Send_message(message); } } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}"); } finally { _client?.Close(); } } private static void Send_message(string message) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message); _stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } private static void ReceiveMessages() { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; while (true) { try { int bytesRead = _stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); if (bytesRead > 0) { string message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead); Console.WriteLine($"Received: {message}"); } } catch { Console.WriteLine("Disconnected from server."); break; } } } } ``` ### 说明 - 服务器端通过`TcpListener`监听客户端连接，并为每个客户端创建一个线程来处理消息。 - 客户端通过`TcpClient`连接到服务器，并在一个单独的线程中接收消息[^1]。 - 消息以UTF-8编码的形式在客户端和服务器之间传输。 #### 注意事项 - 上述代码仅为简单示例，实际应用中需要考虑异常处理、线程安全等问题。 - 在生产环境中，建议使用更高级的通信协议（如WebSocket或MQTT）来替代原始TCP连接[^2]。